Perio Microbiology 1: Bacteria Review and Oral Microbiota and Plaque Biofilm

Question 1

Which type of bacteria has LPS?

Answer 1

Gram -

Question 2

Which type of bacteria has Techoic and Lipteichoic Acids?

Answer 2

Gram +

Question 3

Which type of bacteria start to colonize our mouths within hours of birth?

Answer 3

Facultative, aerobic

Question 4

When can anaerobic bacteria first be found in the mouth?

Answer 4

2nd Day of Life

Question 5

How many species of bacteria make up the Adult Oral Microbiota?

Answer 5

500-750

Question 6

How many bacteria are in 1 gram of plaque?

Answer 6

10^11

Question 7

Describe a biofilm?

Answer 7

Organized COMMUNITY of microorganisms
Bound to a surface
Not randomly distributed in matrix
Microbes share nutrients

Question 8

How many bacterial cells does a healthy adult have in his body?

Answer 8

100 Trillion (10^14)

Question 9

What is the weight of bacteria in the adult human?

Answer 9

2 kg

Question 10

How much does a human brain weigh?

Answer 10

1.5 kg

Question 11

What is the number 1 and 2 reservoirs for bacteria in the body?

Answer 11

1. Gut

2. Mouth

Question 12

What are some advantages to a bacteria being part of a biofilm as opposed to trying to “make it on their own”

Answer 12

Different phenotypes are expressed (size, growth rate, oxygen uptake, stc.

Decreased susceptibility to antibiotics (1000-1500x)

Decreased susceptibility to host defenses

Question 13

How does the biofilm help protect from antibiotics?

Answer 13

Drugs can’t always diffuse through matrix
Enzymes are produced that inhibit drugs
DNA exchange
Cell growth rate is delayed