Peri-operative care

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of atropine?

Answer 1

Competitive antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor

Question 2

Name 3 anti-TNF agents

Answer 2

Adalimumab
Infliximab
Entanercept

Question 3

Name a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (used to treat CML)

Answer 3

Imatinib

Question 4

Which clotting factor is found in cryoprecipitate?

Answer 4

VIII

Question 5

Name three vessels that may used for bypass grafting in CABG

Answer 5

Internal mammary artery
Radial artery
Reversed long saphenous vein

Question 6

What classification is used in aortic dissection?

Answer 6

Stanford classification

Question 7

How are aortic dissections managed?

Answer 7

A - surgically
B - conservatively

Question 8

What is Boerhaaves syndrome?

Answer 8

Spontaneous rupture of oesophagus in response to repeated vomiting

Question 9

Where in the oesophagus is rupture typically seen in Boerhaaves syndrome?

Answer 9

Left and distal

Question 10

What is a safe dose of lidocaine?

Answer 10

3mg/kg

Question 11

What is a safe dose of levobupivacaine?

Answer 11

2mg/kg

Question 12

Why should saline be avoided in resuscitation?

Answer 12

Risk of hyperchloraemic acidosis

Question 13

What are daily maintenance requirements of sodium?

Answer 13

50-100mmol/day

Question 14

What are daily maintenance requirements of potassium?

Answer 14

40-80mmol/day

Question 15

What is the MOA of LMWH?

Answer 15

Inhibits antithrombin causing inhibition of factor Xa

Question 16

How can unfractionated heparin infusion be monitored?

Answer 16

APTT

Question 17

What is used to reverse unfractionated heparin?

Answer 17

Protamine sulphate