Perceptions & Attributions Flashcards
1
Q
What is Perception ?
A
- the process of interpreting the messages of our senses to provide order and meaning to the environment
2
Q
What is personal identity and social identity ?
A
- Personal identity : based on our unique personal characteristics
- Social identity : based on our perception that we belong to various social groups
3
Q
The impressions we form of others are susceptible to which perceptual biases/errors ?
A
- Primary and recency effects
- Reliance on central traits
- Implicit personality theories
- Projection
- Stereotypes
4
Q
What are central traits ?
A
- They are personal characteristics of a target person that are of a particular interest to a perceiver
5
Q
what are implicit personality theories ?
A
- They are personal theories that people have about which personality characteristics go together
6
Q
What are projections ?
A
- The tendency for perceivers to attribute their pwn thoughts and feelings to others
7
Q
What is attribution ?
A
- It is the process by which we assign causes or motives to explain people behaviours
8
Q
What are the 3 attribution cues ?
A
- Consensus Cue : do most people engage in the behaviour or is it unique to this person (between-person)
- Consistency Cue :does the person engage win the behaviour regularly and consistently (Within-person)
- Distinctiveness Cue : does the person engage in the behaviour in many situations or is it distinctive to one situation (Across-situations)
9
Q
What are the three biases in attribution ?
A
- Fundamental attribution error
- Actor-observer effect
- Self-serving bias
10
Q
What is fundamental attribution error ?
A
- Its when we blame people first and not the situation
11
Q
What is the actor observer effect ?
A
- Actor and observer tend to view causes of actors behaviour differently
12
Q
What is self serving bias ?
A
- tendency to take credit for successful outcomes but not for failures
