perception

Question 1

reversible figure

Answer 1

a drawing that can be perceived in different ways by reversing figure and ground

Question 2

gestalt psychology

Answer 2

the whole (perception) is different from the sum of its part (sensations).

Question 3

figure and ground

Answer 3

people automatically focus on some objects in the perceptual field to the exclusion of others
figure - what we focus on
ground - everything else

Question 4

gestalt laws of grouping

Answer 4

1. proximity
2. similarity
3. good continuation
4. closure
5. common fate

Question 5

proximity

Answer 5

the closer objects are to one another, the more likely they are to be perceived as a unit

Question 6

similarity

Answer 6

objects that are similar in shape, size, color, or any other feature tend to be grouped together

Question 7

good continuation

Answer 7

people perceive the contours of straight and curved lines as continuous flowing patterns

Question 8

closure

Answer 8

when there are gaps in a pattern that resembles a familiar form, people mentally “close” the gaps and perceive objects as a whole

Question 9

reversible figure

Answer 9

a drawing that can be perceived in different ways by reversing figure and ground

Question 11

gestalt psychology

Answer 11

the whole (perception) is different from the sum of its parts (sensations)

Question 12

figure and ground

Answer 12

people automatically focus on some objects in the perceptual field to the exclusion of others
Figure: what we focus on
Ground: everything else

Question 13

gestalt laws of grouping

Answer 13

1. proximity
2. similarity
3. good continuation
4. closure
5. common fate

Question 14

proximity

Answer 14

the closer objects are to one another, the more likely they are to be perceived as a unit

Question 15

similarity

Answer 15

objects that are similar in shape, size, color, or any other feature tend to be grouped together

Question 16

good continuation

Answer 16

people perceive the contours of straight and curved lines as continuous flowing patterns

Question 17

closure

Answer 17

when there are gaps in a pattern that resembles a familiar form, people mentally “close” the gaps and perceive the objects as a whole

Question 18

common fate

Answer 18

extending on the static grouping principles of proximity and similarity, we find that objects moving together in the same direction, or sharing “common fate”, are perceived as belonging to a single group

Question 19

size constancy

Answer 19

the tendency to view an object as a constant despite changes in the size of its image on the retina

Question 20

depth perception

Answer 20

the use of visual cues to estimate the depth and distance of objects

Question 21

binocular depth cues

Answer 21

1. convergence
2. binocular diversity

Question 22

convergence

Answer 22

the eyes turn in toward the nose or “converge” as an object gets closer, and more outward, or “diverge”, to focus on objects farther away

Question 23

binocular disparity

Answer 23

the closer an object is to the perceiver, the more different the image is in the retina. it decreases with distances

Question 24

monocular depth cues

Answer 24

enables us to perceive depth with one eye closed

Question 25

perceptual illusions

Answer 25

patterns of sensory input that give rise to misperception

Question 26

muller-lyer illusion

Answer 26

an illusion in which the perceived length of a line is altered by the position of other lines that enclose it

Question 27

moon illusion

Answer 27

the illusion that a full moon appears larger when it is low on the horizon than when it is high in the sky