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Biochemistry > Pentose Phosphate Pathway > Flashcards

Pentose Phosphate Pathway Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the other name for the pentose pathway?

A

Hexose Monophosphate Shunt

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2
Q

Where does the pentose pathway occur?

A

cytosol

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3
Q

Is the pentose pathway based on well fed or starved?

A

NEITHER

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4
Q

What does the pentose pathway produce?

A

restores NADPH

helps form Ribose 5 phosphate

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5
Q

Is NADPH similar to NADH or NAD?

A

NO!

it is a coenzyme

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6
Q

What is the purpose of NADPH

A

reduct-biosynthesis

High energy to help form large and bulky molecules

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7
Q

What is the function of the pentose pathway in the adrenal glands?

A

Steroid Synthesis

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8
Q

What is the function of the pentose pathway in the liver?

A

Fatty Acid and cholesterol synthesis

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9
Q

What is the function of the pentose pathway in the testes?

A

Steroid Synthesis

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10
Q

What is the function of the pentose pathway in Adipose Tissue?

A

Fatty Acid Synthesis

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11
Q

What is the function of the pentose pathway in the Ovaries?

A

Steroid Synthesis

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12
Q

What is the function of the pentose pathway in the Mammary Glands?

A

Fatty Acid Synthesis

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13
Q

What is the function of the pentose pathway in regards to RBCs?

A

Maintenance of reduced gluthathione

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14
Q

What happens during the oxidative phase of the pentose pathway?

A 
G6P
      NADPH + H
6 phosphoglucolactone 
      H+
6 phosphogluconate 
      NADPH + H
Ribulose-5-Phosphate
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15
Q

What happens to G6P dehydrogenase when NADP+ levels rise?

A

increase ate

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16
Q

What performs reductive fatty acid biosynthesis?

A

NADPH

17
Q

What performs reduction of hydrogen peroxide?

A

NADPH

18
Q

What performs to cytochrome p450 monooxygenase system?

A

NADPH

19
Q

What assists with phagocytosis by WBCs?

A

NADPH

20
Q

What aids with cholesterol biosynthesis

A

NADPH

21
Q

What assists with neurotransmitter biosynthesis?

A

NADPH

22
Q

What assists with Nucleotide biosynthesis?

A

NADPH

23
Q

Which two enzymes are used to fight free radicals?

A

Glutathione Reductase

Glutathione Peroxide

24
Q

Which 3 amino acids are in G-SH (Glutathione)

A

Glycine
Cysteine
Glutamate

25
Q

Which molecule fights H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide)?

What is the end product?

A

Glutathione

H20

26
Q

Which enzyme bypasses cell death when fighting H2O2?

A

Glutothione peroxide

27
Q

What is the purpose of Cytochrome p450 in the mitochondria?

A

participate in hydroxylation of steroids

28
Q

What is the purpose of Cytochrome p450 in the microsomal system?

A

associated with the membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (in liver) is the detoxification of foreign compounds (xenobiotics)

29
Q

Which system of phagocytosis by WBCs use pH changes in phagolysosomes and lysosomal enzymes to destroy pathogens?

A

Oxygen-independent system

30
Q

Which system of phagocytosis by WBCs includes the myeloperoxidase system and a system that generates oxygen-derived free radicals?

A

Oxygen-dependent system

31
Q

Which phagocytosis by WBCs is most potent of the bactericidal mechanisms?

A

MPO

32
Q

What traps bacteria in a phagocytic cell?

A

respiratory bursts

33
Q

What is the function of NO in regards to endothelium-derived relaxing factors?

A

cause vasodilation by relaxing vascular smooth mucle

34
Q

How does NO affect platlets?

A

promotes platlet aggregation

35
Q

What is NO main function?

A

macrophage function

36
Q

Which inherited disease is characterized by hemolytic anemia caused by the inability caused by the inability to detoxify oxidizing agents?

A

G6P Dehydrogenase Deficiency

37
Q

Why would someone with G6P Dehydrogenase Deficiency have a shortened life span?

A

complications with chronic hemolysis

RBCs have a shortened life span=shortened overal life

38
Q

On a microscopic scale, what is formed on RBCs when someone has G6P dehydrogenase deficiency?

A

Heinz Bodies

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Biochemistry (11 decks)

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