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Biochemistry > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

What is C6H12O6?

A

carbohydrate

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2
Q

What is the most abundant organic molecules in nature?

A

Carbohydrate

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3
Q

Which type of organic molecule is the core base of energy in nature?

A

Carbohydrates

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4
Q

Which type of carbs breakdown quickly?

A

simple carbs

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5
Q

Which type of structures do 6 carbons form best?

A

cyclical structures

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6
Q

Which types of sugars are more commonly used in the body?

A

D structures

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7
Q

Which form of sugar is the active structure, L or D?

A

D

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8
Q

Which monosaccharides are isomers?

Glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose

A

All isomers

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9
Q

Which monosaccharides are epimers?

Glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose

A

Glucose and Galactose;

Glucose and Mannose

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10
Q

Which carbon do galactose and glucose differ on?

A

C-4 epimers

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11
Q

Which carbon do Mannose and glucose differ on?

A

C-2 epimers

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12
Q

What do you call a non super imposable mirror image?

A

Enanatiomer

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13
Q

Alpha-D-glucopyranose synthesizes what?

A

Glycogen

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14
Q

Beta-D-glucopyranose synthesizes what?

A

Cellulose

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15
Q

Which enzymes form glycosidic bonds?

A

glycosyltransferases

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16
Q

How are glycosidic bonds named?

A

Anomeric hodroxyl group

Alpha or beta bond

17
Q

What two monosaccharides form sucrose and what type of glycotsidic bond does sucrose have?

A

1-4 Alpha bond between glucose and fructose

18
Q

What two monosaccharides form lactose and what type of glycosidic bond does it have?

A

1-4 beta bond between galactose and glucose

19
Q

How can you tell the difference between a alpha and beta bond?

A

Alpha=down

Beta=up

20
Q

What two monosaccharides form maltose and what type of glycosidic bond does it have?

A

1-4 alpha bond between glucose and glucose

21
Q

What two monosaccharides form cellobiose and what type of glycolytic bond does it have?

A

1-4 beta bond between glucose and glucose

22
Q

What two monosaccharides form isomaltose and what type of glycolytic bond does it have?

A

1-6 Alpha bond

Glucose and glucose

23
Q

What’s the easiest way to break down a sugar?

A

Hydrolysis

24
Q

Which glycosaminoglycan forms synovial fluid? (1)

A

Hyaluronate

25
Q

Which glycosaminoglycan helps build tendons, ligaments, and provides nutrients for building?
(2)

A

Chondroitin-4-sulfate

Chondroitin-6-sulfate

26
Q

Which glycosaminoglycan forms connective tissues? (3)

A

Dermatan sulfate
Heparin
Keratan sulfate

27
Q

What are the most common glycosaminoglycans?

A

Chondroitin sulfate

Keratin Sulfate

28
Q

What two monosaccharides form sucrose and what type of glycotsidic bond does sucrose have?

A

1-4 Alpha bond between glucose and fructose

29
Q

What two monosaccharides form lactose and what type of glycosidic bond does it have?

A

1-4 beta bond between galactose and glucose

30
Q

How can you tell the difference between a alpha and beta bond?

A

Alpha=down

Beta=up

31
Q

What two monosaccharides form maltose and what type of glycosidic bond does it have?

A

1-4 alpha bond between glucose and glucose

32
Q

What two monosaccharides form cellobiose and what type of glycolytic bond does it have?

A

1-4 beta bond between glucose and glucose

33
Q

What two monosaccharides form isomaltose and what type of glycolytic bond does it have?

A

1-6 Alpha bond

Glucose and glucose

34
Q

What’s the easiest way to break down a sugar?

A

Hydrolysis

35
Q

Which glycosaminoglycan forms synovial fluid? (1)

A

Hyaluronate

36
Q

Which glycosaminoglycan helps build tendons, ligaments, and provides nutrients for building?
(2)

A

Chondroitin-4-sulfate

Chondroitin-6-sulfate

37
Q

Which glycosaminoglycan forms connective tissues? (3)

A

Dermatan sulfate
Heparin
Keratan sulfate

38
Q

What are the most common glycosaminoglycans?

A

Chondroitin sulfate

Keratin Sulfate

39
Q

Which type of GAG is found in cartilage?

A

proteoglycans

Biochemistry (11 decks)

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