Carbohydrates Flashcards
What is C6H12O6?
carbohydrate
What is the most abundant organic molecules in nature?
Carbohydrate
Which type of organic molecule is the core base of energy in nature?
Carbohydrates
Which type of carbs breakdown quickly?
simple carbs
Which type of structures do 6 carbons form best?
cyclical structures
Which types of sugars are more commonly used in the body?
D structures
Which form of sugar is the active structure, L or D?
D
Which monosaccharides are isomers?
Glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose
All isomers
Which monosaccharides are epimers?
Glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose
Glucose and Galactose;
Glucose and Mannose
Which carbon do galactose and glucose differ on?
C-4 epimers
Which carbon do Mannose and glucose differ on?
C-2 epimers
What do you call a non super imposable mirror image?
Enanatiomer
Alpha-D-glucopyranose synthesizes what?
Glycogen
Beta-D-glucopyranose synthesizes what?
Cellulose
Which enzymes form glycosidic bonds?
glycosyltransferases
How are glycosidic bonds named?
Anomeric hodroxyl group
Alpha or beta bond
What two monosaccharides form sucrose and what type of glycotsidic bond does sucrose have?
1-4 Alpha bond between glucose and fructose
What two monosaccharides form lactose and what type of glycosidic bond does it have?
1-4 beta bond between galactose and glucose
How can you tell the difference between a alpha and beta bond?
Alpha=down
Beta=up
What two monosaccharides form maltose and what type of glycosidic bond does it have?
1-4 alpha bond between glucose and glucose
What two monosaccharides form cellobiose and what type of glycolytic bond does it have?
1-4 beta bond between glucose and glucose
What two monosaccharides form isomaltose and what type of glycolytic bond does it have?
1-6 Alpha bond
Glucose and glucose
What’s the easiest way to break down a sugar?
Hydrolysis
Which glycosaminoglycan forms synovial fluid? (1)
Hyaluronate
