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KSUCPM HUMAN ANATOMY > PELVIS AND PERINEUM > Flashcards

PELVIS AND PERINEUM Flashcards

CHECK ON LEARNING PART III

1
Q

where does the pelvis extend?

how many regions is it (what are they) and is there a dividing line and what are they?

A

from the iliac crest to the pelvic diaphragm

2 regions, false pelvis and true pelvis

yes, imaginary plane that runs from the sacral promontory to the pubic symphysis

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2
Q

what is located in the false pelvis?

A

intestines

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3
Q

what is located in the true pelvis?

A

site of uterus, ovaries, bladder and lower rectum

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4
Q

what comprises the pelvis?

which ones are fused together?

A

two ischium
two ilium
two pubis
one sacrum

ischium, ilium, and pubis

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5
Q

the greater sciatic notch of the ischium is located where?

A

at the unction between the ischium and ilium

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6
Q

what component of the pelvis do we sit on and which of that part?

A

ischium

ischial tuberosity

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7
Q

where does the inguinal ligament originate from? what part of the pelvis and what part of that?

A

Ilium

ASIS

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8
Q

where does the inguinal ligament insert?

A

pubic tubercle

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9
Q

this is the opening formed by the union of pubis and ischium? this is a structure of the coccal bone

A

obturator foramen

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10
Q

this is the cuplike structure where the head of the femur articulates with the pelvis?

A

acetabulum

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11
Q

T/F:

the sacrum is fused to the rest of the pelvis bones?

the sacrum is prone to much more injury than the vertebrate above it (L4 and L5)

what bone is both part of the axial and appendicular skeleton?

A

true

false, solid structure with no discs

sacrum

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12
Q

this part of the vertebrae is made of 2-4 fused vertebrae

A

coccyx

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13
Q

this muscle of the perineum helps control the anal opening? what are the muscles that comprise this?

A

Levator Ani

1) pubococcygeus
2) puborectalis***
3) Iliococcygeus

***medial portion of the pubococcygeus

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14
Q

this muscle of the perineum is found on the spine of the ischium to lower the sacrum and coccyx?

A

coccygeus muscle

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15
Q

what are the openings in the pelvic floor for the male and female?

A

urethra and anus

urethra, vagina and anus

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16
Q

what is the area in front of the levator ani that supports the male genitalia and surrounds the female genitalia? this is found in the perineum

A

urogenital diaphragm

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17
Q

what comprises the anal opening, a muscle of the perineum? which one is skeletal and smooth muscle?

A

external(skeletal) and internal(smooth) sphincter

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18
Q

this is a longitudinal muscle of the perineum that runs along the pubic arch area form the ischium to the clitorus or base of the penis providing structure support and surrounds each crus of the penis?

A

ischiocavernous muscle

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19
Q

this muscle of the perineum wraps around the corpus spongiosum in male and urethral and vaginal openings in the female

A

bulbosponiosus muscle

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20
Q

the collective term for the female external genital structures?

A

vulva

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21
Q

inlet to the uterine cervix during coitus?

what is the term used to describe a structure in the vaginal opening that is covered by an incomplete membrane prior to first coitus?

this is the region of the vaginal opening where the vagina meets the cervix?

A

vaginal opening

hymen

fornix

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22
Q

this is the hair covered fatty region that cushions pubic symphysis area?

A

mons pubis

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23
Q

this is the double layer of peritoneum that extends from the sides of the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis-keeps the uterus in position?

A

broad ligament of uterus

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24
Q

this attaches to the broad ligament, like a small, thin tube within broad ligament comes from the ligamentum teres?

A

round ligament of the uterus

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25
Q

this is the analog of male spermatic cord-ends at labia major?

A

round ligament of the uterus

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26
Q

connects ovary to lateral surface of uterus?

A

ovarian ligament

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27
Q

this is highly vascularized connective tissue at the union of the labium minus and contains the erectile tissue?

A

clitoris

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28
Q

the clitoris is the analog of what structure?

A

male penis

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29
Q

the male penis is the analog of what structure in females?

A

clitoris

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30
Q

this is fat filled skin folds on each side of the urethral and vaginal openings?

A

labium majora

31
Q

this is the analog of male scrotal sac in females?

A

labium majora

32
Q

this is the hairless skin fold medial to the labia major and merge at the anterior midline with the clitoris? it surrounds the urethral and vaginal openings?

A

labium minus

33
Q

this supports the developing the embryo and fetus?

A

uterus

34
Q

this is a part of the uterus that is the neck or opening into the uterus?

A

cervix

35
Q

this is a part of the uterus that forms the rounded superior aspect of the uterus?

A

fundus

36
Q

this structure of the female is almond shaped and located close to the lateral pelvic walls and suspended by these ligaments?

A

ovaries

broad ligaments

37
Q

this connects the ovary to the uterus?

A

Fallopian tube

38
Q

T/F, the Fallopian tubes and ovaries are NOT a closed system?

A

true

39
Q

this fetal ligament attaches from the inferior end of a testes to the inferior portion of the sacrum. Each testicle is guided into the scrotal sac?

A

gubernaculum

40
Q

multilayered protective covering of the testes?

what are the layers, innermost to outermost?

A

scrotal sac

tunica albuginea

tunica vaginalis (inner(visceral layer) and outer(parietal layer))

41
Q

these layers of the male genitalia are picked up as the testes move through the peritoneal layers?

A

internal spermatic fascia
cremaster muscle
external spermatic fascia
dartos fascia

42
Q

name the male layer:

fascia layer picked up from the transversalis fascia

A

internal spermatic fascia

43
Q

name the male layer:

picked up from the internal oblique muscle. Looks like rings of skeletal muscle. Affects position of testes during temperature fluctuation

A

cremaster muscle

44
Q

name the male layer:

picked up from the deep fascia of the external oblique. Remember that the portion of the abdominal wall that the testes pass through, the external oblique is aponeurosis only-no muscle fibers

A

external spermatic fascia

45
Q

name the male layer:

superficial facia layer containing strands of smooth muscle closely bound to skin causing the wrinkles in skin from cold

A

dartos fascia

46
Q

this is where the sperm mature? what is the first part of this structure called, located on superior testes?

A

epididymis

head of epididymis

47
Q

retroperitoneal structures that run through spermatic cord and inguinal canal to empty into the urethra?

A

ductus (vas) deferens

48
Q

posterior to base of bladder. Produce secretions that protect and nourish sperm?

A

seminal vesicles

49
Q

at base of bladder and surrounds upper portion of the urethra

A

prostate

50
Q

these three structures empty into the urethra at the neck of the bladder?

A

ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate

51
Q

site of sperm cell production

A

seminiferous tubules

52
Q

network of veins that surround the testicular artery for the purpose of heat exchange between warmer arterial blood and cooler venous blood?

A

pampiniform plexus

53
Q

what is found in the spermatic cord?

A 
Testicular vein, artery, nerve
genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
ductus deferens 
cremaster muscle
pampiniform plexus
54
Q

what is the penis divided into?

what comprises each

A 
body
-corpus cavernosa
-corpus spongiosa
glans penis
-foreskin
root
-crura
-bulb
-bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands
55
Q

this is a structure in the body of the penis that is CT and vascular through to provide support for the corpora spongiosa during coitus

A

corpus cavernosa

56
Q

this is a structure in the body of the penis that surrounds and supports the urethra and glands

A

corpus spongiosa

57
Q

this is a structure in the glans penis that protects the glans?

A

foreskin (prepuce)

58
Q

this is a structure in the root of the penis that is connective tissue attaching corpora cavernosa to perineal floor

A

crura

59
Q

this is a structure in the root of the penis that is the proximal extension of corpus spongiosum that attaches to perineal floor

A

bulb

60
Q

this is a structure in the root of the penis that produces secretion that provides some lubrication for coitus and protects urethra from irritants

A

bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland

61
Q

what are the weight bearing ligaments?

other ligaments

A

posterior sacroiliac
iliolumber
sacrospinous
sacrotuberous

pubic symphysis
inguinal
anterior sacroiliac
obturator membrane

62
Q

what are the walls of the pelvis? their components

A

anterolateral wall
posterosuperior wall
floor

anterolateral wall
-obturator fascia
posterosuperior wall
-anterior rami of sacral plexus
-piriformis m.
-sacrum
floor
-pelvic diaphragm
63
Q

what is the broad ligament comprised of?

A

mesometrium
mesoalpinx
mesovarium

64
Q

what does the internal iliac artery supply?

A

psoas major

iliacus

65
Q

what does the external iliac artery enter through?

A

the thigh through the vascular lacuna

66
Q

this exits the pelvis through obturator canal and can be a branch from the external iliac artery at the pelvic brim 40% of the time?

A

obturator artery

67
Q

what is the innervation of the ureter?

A

prevertebral ganglia and plexi

68
Q

what supplies the rectum? where do they come from?

venous drainage?

A

superior rectal a
middle rectal a
inferior rectal a

superior from IMA
middle from internal iliac a.
inferior from internal pudendal a.

portocaval anastomosis

69
Q

internal anal sphincter is what type of innervation? external?

A

autonomics

somatic, most painful

70
Q

what is the innervation of the uterine tube?

A

inferior hypogastric plexus

71
Q

what is the blood supply from the internal iliac artery to the vagina? innervation?

A

uterine a
vaginal aa

pudendal n
pelvic splanchnic n

72
Q

how is the true pelvis broken down? explain the pelvic diagram?

A

coccygeus and the levator ani with its respective muscles:
puborectalis m
pubococcygeus m
iliococcygeus m

73
Q

what are the male internal genital organs?

innervation?

A

ductus deferens
seminal vesicles
prostate

spermatic testicular plexus

KSUCPM HUMAN ANATOMY (29 decks)

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