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KSUCPM HUMAN ANATOMY > ABDOMINAL > Flashcards

ABDOMINAL Flashcards

CHECK ON LEARNING PART II

1
Q

the foregut is supplied by the?

A

celiac artery

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2
Q

the midgut is supplied by the?

A

superior mesenteric artery

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3
Q

the hindgut is supplied by the?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

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4
Q

the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum Proxima bile duct, liver and pancreas come from?

A

foregut

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5
Q

where does most digestion occur?

A

stomach and duodenum

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6
Q

where does absorption occur?

A

small intestines

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7
Q

where does reabsorption occur?

A

large intestine

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8
Q

worm like movements by which the gut tube propels its contents? How is it possible? what does it consist of?

A

peristalsis

both circular and longitudinal muscle fibers

consists of waves of contractions

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9
Q

what is food called in the esophagus?

A

bolus

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10
Q

where is the stomach located, what quadrant?

A

upper left quadrant

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11
Q

what is the arteriole suppler to the stomach?

A

branches of the celiac trunk

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12
Q

what part of the stomach does the esophagus enter?

A

cardiac notch

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13
Q

this part of the stomach acts as the gatekeeper between the stomach and the duodenum?

A

pyloric notch

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14
Q

what is the parasympathetic innervation to the stomach?

sympathetic?

A

cranial nerve X

greater thoracic splanchnic nerves via the celiac plexus

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15
Q

this organ is the primary nutrient absorption and catabolic region?

A

small intestines

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16
Q

what are the four parts of the duodenum?

A

superior
descending
horizontal
ascending

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17
Q

what parts comprise the descending portion of the duodenum?

A

ampulla of vater
sphincter of Oddi
major duodenal papilla
minor duodenal papilla

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18
Q

what is the parasympathetic innervation of the small intestine? sympathetic?

A

CN X

Celia plexus and superior mesenteric plexus

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19
Q

what part of small intestines does most digestion occur?

A

jejunum

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20
Q

blood supply, drainage and innervation of the jejunum?

A

superior mesenteric artery

portal vein

sympathetic and parasympathetic via superior mesenteric plexus

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21
Q

what part of the small intestine does absorption occur?

A

Ileum

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22
Q

the mesentery is associated with what part of the small intestine?

A

Ileum

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23
Q

what is the blood supply and innervation of the Ileum?

A

superior mesenteric artery

sympathetic and parasympathetic via superior mesenteric plexus

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24
Q

how do we distinguish between the parts of the small intestine?

A

caliber=internal diameter
arterial arcades=loops formed from interconnecting arteries
vasa recta=straight arteries coming off arcades that run perpendicular to bowel they supply

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25
Q

what is the function of the large intestine?

A

formation, transport and evacuation of feces

absorption and removal of water

compaction of feces via reverse peristalsis

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26
Q

what comprises the large intestine?

A 
cecum
ascending
transverse
descending
sigmoid 
rectum 
anal canal
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27
Q

what other organ is found attached to the cecum?

A

vermiform appendix, most notably McBurney’s point where the site is the base of the appendix

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28
Q

what is the blood supply of the stomach large intestine?

A

superior and inferior mesenteric artery and branches

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29
Q

middle colic artery supplies?

A

right transverse colon

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30
Q

right colic artery supplies?

what does this anastomose with?

A

ascending colon

middle colic

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31
Q

Ileocecal artery supplies?

A

end of Ileum and cecum

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32
Q

left colic artery supplies?

A

descending colon

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33
Q

sigmoid artery supplies?

A

4 branches to the descending and sigmoid colon

34
Q

superior rectal artery supplies?

A

superior part of rectum

35
Q

what rectal arteries come from the Iliac artery?

A

middle and inferior rectal arteries

36
Q

what do all colic arteries have anastomoses with?

A

marginal arteries

37
Q

what is the venous drainage of the large intestine?

A

superior and inferior mesenteric veins to the hepatic portal vein

38
Q

ascending colon bends here?

A

right colic flexure

39
Q

transverse colon bends here?

A

left colic flexure

40
Q

what are the structures associated with the colon?

A

Teniae Coli, tough fibrous bands
Haustra
Epiploic Appendages

41
Q

name this colon structure?

outer longitudinal muscle layer of colon that takes the form of three longitudinal bands. It causes haustra because the tenia coli are shorter than large intestine

A

teniae coli

42
Q

name this colon structure?

bulging in the wall of the colon due to the fact that the teniae coli are shorter than the colon?

A

haustra

43
Q

name this colon structure?

fat filled peritoneal pouches attached near the teniae coli, act as bumpers to cushion the colon?

A

epiploic appendages

44
Q

process of withdrawing fluid from the abdominal cavity?

A

paracentesis

45
Q

what are the nerves that innevate the large intestine?

A

sympathetic and para form the superior and inferior mesenteric plexus and from the superior and inferior hypogastric plexus

46
Q

this is the largest organ of the body?

A

liver

47
Q

diaphragmatic surface not covered by the liver?

A

bare area of the liver

48
Q

blood supply to liver

A

hepatic arteries

49
Q

venous input?
hepatic veins?
right hepatic vein?
left and middle hepatic veins?

A

portal vein

  • right branch supplies right lobe
  • left branch supplies other lobes

formed by union of the central veins of the liver. Drain the IVC blow the diaphragm

drains right lobe of liver

drain quadrate, caudate, and left lobes of the liver

50
Q

the umbilical vein is the embryological structure for what and is on the underside of the liver between the left and right lobes?

A

ligamentum teres (round ligament)

51
Q

the ductus venosus is the embryological structure for what and connected the IVC to the portal vein bypassing the liver during fetal life? now its just a remnant superior to the round ligament on the posterior side of the liver between the right and left lobes of the liver

A

ligamentum venosum

52
Q

transverse fissure on the posterior side of the liver between the caudate and quadrate lobes

A

porta hepatis

53
Q

what is the biliary drainage of the liver? and to where?

A

right(drains right lobe) and left hepatic duct(drains other three lobes)

54
Q

this organ is pear shaped found at the junction of the right lobe and left lobes of the posterior liver, concentrates bile?

T/F bile is made here

A

gallbladder

F, made in liver

55
Q

if too much water is removed and biliary constituents are removed from solution and precipitate out from the gallbladder, what results?

A

gallstones

56
Q

what is the blood supply of the gall bladder? innervation Para/Sym?

A

cystic artery via the hepatic artery

para is cranial nerve X, Sam is the celiac plexus

57
Q

what are the four divisions of the pancreas?

A

head
neck
body
tail

58
Q

T/F, pancreas has exocrine and endocrine function?

A

T

59
Q

the main pancreatic duct drains what and enters the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla ?

A

tail, body, neck

60
Q

this part of the pancreas drains the uncinate process and enters duodenum at minor duodenal papilla?

A

accessory pancreatic duct

61
Q

blood supply of pancreas?

nerve, para/sym?

A

splenic artery, superior and inferior anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery, superior mesenteric artery

para-cranial nerve X
sympathetic-form the thoracic splanchnic via the celiac plexus and superior mesenteric plexus

62
Q

this organ produces blood cells in fetal and early post fetal life?

A

spleen

63
Q

this organ is the largest lymphatic organ?

A

spleen

64
Q

blood supply of the spleen?drain? innervation, sym?

A

splenic artery

splenic vein that joins with inferior mesenteric vein which then combines with the superior mesenteric vein

celiac and superior mesenteric plexus

65
Q

what forms the common hepatic duct?

A

left and right hepatic duct

66
Q

what makes the common bile duct? this combines with what to produce what?

A

cystic duct off the gallbladder combining with common hepatic duct

connects with pancreatic duct to make the hepatopancreatic ampulla

67
Q

what controls the entrance fo the digestive enzymes?

A

sphincter of Oddi

68
Q

what are the sphincters found in the bile duct and pancreatic duct?

A

sphincter of the bile duct and sphincter of pancreatic duct

69
Q

what forms the portal vein?

A

formed from the union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins

70
Q

epigastric veins w/paraumbilical veins called what?

A

caput medusae

71
Q

t/f, kidneys go through portal venous system?

A

f, do not

72
Q

renal artery or vein?

L slightly shorter than R, runs posterior to this renal vessel?

A

renal artery

73
Q

renal artery or vein?

large, R shorter than L, L runs under the superior mesenteric artery but in from of the aorta

A

renal vein

74
Q

what drains into the renal vein?

A

left testicular or ovarian vein drains into it

right goes into the inferior vein cava

75
Q

flow of urine?

A 
form collecting duct
minor calyces
major calyces
renal pelvis
ureter
bladder
urethra
76
Q

indentation at the apex at each renal pyramid

A

renal papilla

77
Q

how does the abdominal aorta run to the IVC?

A

left of the IVC

78
Q

this artery supplies the descending colon?

A

left colic

79
Q

this artery supplies the sigmoid colon?

A

sigmoidal arteries

80
Q

this artery supplies the rectum?

A

superior rectal artery along with middle and inferior

81
Q

what are the tributaries of the IVC?

A 
renal veins
hepatic vein
right testicular 
external iliac
internal iliac

KSUCPM HUMAN ANATOMY (29 decks)

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