Pelvis 4 Flashcards
perineum
-region inferior to the pelvic diaphragm and is associated with the external genitalia and the anus
-divided into urogenital triangle and anal triangle
urogenital triangle
-anterior half of perineum
-bound by ischiopubic rami, pubic symphysis, and line drawn through ischial tuberosities
perineal membrane
-layer of tough fascia perforated by the urethra and vagina
-membrane separates deep and superficial perineal pouches
deep perineal pouch
-potential space between deep fascia of peliv diaphragm and perineal membrane
-contains part of urethra, external urethral sphincter, vagina, bulbourethral gland, and deep transverse perineal muscle
superficial perineal pouch
-potential space between perineal membrane (superior) and superficial perineal fascia (inferiorly) and ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, and superficial transverse perineal muscles and erectile tissues that contribute to penis and clit
greater vestibular glands
located in superficial perineal pouch
superficial pouch bound posteriorly to
perineal body
perineal body
fibromuscular mass that acts as a point of attachment for muscle fibers from pelvic floor and the perineum
labia majora and labia minora frame…
..frames the vestibules that contains external urethral orifice, vaginal opening, ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, and superficial transverse
clitoris located
under clitoral prepuce and consists of body and glans
proximal clit formation
bilateral corpora cavernosa and commissure of bulbs
distal clit formation
commissure of bulbs from the glans
posterior formation of the clit
corpora cavernosa expand to form the crura of clit and commissure of bulbs form vestibular bulbs
scrotum
-outpouching of the anterior abdominal wall
-contain superficial fascia and dartos muscles
dartos muscle
scrunches pepe
penis constists of
-shaft and glans penis which is covered by the prepus (foreskin)
-paired corpora cavernosa and unpaired corpus spongiosum erectile tissue
cospora cavernosa
seperate proimally inot left and right crura
corpus spongiosum
-proximally into the bulb of penis and distally into glans of penis
-surrounds spongy urethra
erection maintained by
ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus
bulbospongiosus
compresses bulb of penis to expel urine and ejaculate
urogenital triangle supplied by
internal pudendal ateries of the internal iliac arteries
internal pudendal arteries give rise to
perineal arteries of the scrotum and labia and deep dorsal arteries of the penis and clit
urogenital triangle drained by
internal and external pudendal veins of the internal iliac veins
penis and clit drained by
deep dorsal vein
somatic innervation of urogenital triangle
through pudendal nerves S2-S4 that divide into superficial branches and deep branches that continue as the dorsal nerves of penis/clit
autonomic sympathetic fibers of urogenital triangle control
emission
parasympathetic fibers of urogenital triangle control
control erection via pelvic splanchnic nerves
anal triangle
-posterior half of perinuem
-bound by sacrotuberous ligaments, coccyx, and line drawn through ischial tuberosities
anal canal makes up
-distal 2” on gastrointestinal tract
-continuous with the rectum at the anorectal junction
upper anal canal contains
-anal columns which are connected inferiorly via anal valves
internal anal sphincter
-involuntary
-surrounds upper canal
-lie medial to external anal sphincter
-contributes to formation of perineal body
fat filled ischio-anal fossae
flank the anal canal
pectinate line
-divides the upper 2/3 and lower 1/3 of the anal canal
-important autonomic landmark
-where vasculature and nerves differ based on if above or below the line
upper anal canal
supplied by superior rectal arteries of inferior mesenteric and drained by superior rectal vein into inferior mesenteric vein of HPS
lower anal canal
supplied by inferior rectal arteries from internal pudendal arteries and drained by inferior rectal veins and inferior vena cava
upper anal canal innervated by
autonomic fibers through the rectal plexus which is continuous with the inferior hypogastric plexus
lower anal canal innervated by
somatic fibers from the inferior rectal nerves of the pudendal nerves
