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Human anatomy > Lower Limb Part 2 > Flashcards

Lower Limb Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

popliteal fossa

A

-contains impotant neurovascular structures
-popliteal artery, tibial and common fibular nerves, lymphatic vessels, and fat

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2
Q

tarsal tunnel

A

-passage found posterior to medial malleolus
-contains tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, posterior tibial artery and vein, tibial nerve, and flexor hallucis longus tendons

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3
Q

tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

compression of tibial nerve

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4
Q

what innervates the sole of foot muscles

A

tibial nerve

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5
Q

layer 1 of foot muscles

A

-flexor digitorum brevis
-abductor hallucis
-abductor digiti minimi

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6
Q

layer 2 of foot muscles

A

-flexor accessorius
-lumbricals

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7
Q

layer 3 of foot muscles

A

-flexor hallucis brevis
-adductor hallucis
-flexor digiti minimi brevis

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8
Q

layer 4 of foot muscles

A

-plantar interossei
-dorsal interossei

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9
Q

dorsum foot muscles

A

-extensor digitorum brevis
-extensor hallucis brevis
-innervated by deep fibular nerve

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10
Q

arteries if lower limb

A

external iliac artery passes deep to inguinal ligament to become femoral artery

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11
Q

femoral artery

A

-supplies anteromedial thigh
-gives rise to profunda femoris artery which branches into the medial and lateral circumflex artery

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12
Q

obturator artery

A

-passes through obturator foramen
-supplies medial thigh muscles

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13
Q

popliteal artery

A

-supplies knee vis geniculate branches

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14
Q

posterior tibial artery

A

supplies posterior leg

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15
Q

fibular artery

A

supplies lateral leg

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16
Q

anterior tibial artery

A

-supplies anterior leg by passing though interosseus membrane

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17
Q

anterior tibial artery continues…

A

onto dorsum of foot as dorsalis pedis or form arcuate artery and dorsal metatarsal arteries

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18
Q

end of dorsalis pedis…

A

penetrates the sole of foot

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19
Q

posterior tibial artery divides into…

A

medial and lateral plantar arteries

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20
Q

lateral plantar arteries anastomose with

A

dorsalis pedis artery to form plantar arch and digital arteries

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21
Q

superficial veins

A

-dorsal metatarsal veins
-dorsal venous arch
-small saphenous vein
-great saphenous vein

22
Q

small saphenous veins

A

travel posterior to lateral malleolus and courses up posterior leg and empties into popliteal vein

23
Q

great saphenous vein

A

travels anterior to medial malleolus then posterior to medial femoral condyle and up medial thigh to empty into femoral vein vis saphenous opening

24
Q

lumbar plexus

A

-ventral rami of T12 and L1-L4
-small nerve innervate the psoas muscle
-give rise to femoral and obturator nerve

25
Q

femoral nerve

A

-passes under inguinal ligament
-innervates iliacus, pectineus, quad femoris

26
Q

obturator nerve

A

-passes through obturator formen
-innervate obturator externus, pectineus, gracilis, and adductor muscles

27
Q

sacral plexus

A

-ventral rami of L4-S4
-innervates glutes and deep butt muscles

28
Q

sacral plexus give rise to…

A

-inferior gluteal nerve
-nerve to piriformis
-nerve to obturator internus
-nerve to quadratus femoris
-posterior femoral cutaneous nerve -

29
Q

sciatic nerve

A

-passes through greater sciatic foramen and enters posterior thigh
-innervates bicep femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus

30
Q

what does sciatic nerve divide into

A

tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

31
Q

tibial nerve

A

-innervate popliteus, gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, muscles of the sole feet.
ALL POSTERIOR LEG MUSCLES

32
Q

sural nerve

A

arises from tibial and common fibular nerves

33
Q

common fibular nerve

A

-divides into superficial and deep fibular nerves
-innervates fibularis longus, brevis, tertius, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus and brevis, and extensor hallucis longus and brevis
ALL ANTERIOR LEG MUSCLES

34
Q

hip joint

A

-ball and socket joint
-has labrum that limits motion of femur head

35
Q

ligamentum teres

A

-intracapsular ligament
-connects acetabulum notch to fovea capitis

36
Q

3 extracapsular thickenings

A

-iliofemoral ligament
-pubofemoral ligament
-ischiofemoral ligament
-stabilizing joint

37
Q

muscle tendons surrounding hip joint

A

for stability

38
Q

knee joint

A

-patellofemoral (plane) joint and tibiofemoral (hinge) joint
-most complex
-plane and hinge joint

39
Q

patellofemoral joint

A

plane joint that allows patella to glide over patella surface

40
Q

tibiofemoral joint

A

-synovial joint
-complex synovial cavity
-communicating extensions
-noncommunicating bursa
-medial and later menisci

41
Q

medial and lateral menisci

A

attach to condyles of tibia and stabilize the knee joint

42
Q

extracapsular ligaments of knee

A

-medial collateral ligament
-lateral collateral ligament
-oblique popliteal ligament
-arcuate popliteal ligament
**reinforces the joint

43
Q

intracapsular ligaments of the knee

A

-anterior cruciate
-posterior cruciate

44
Q

anterior cruciate ligament

A

prevents anterior sliding of tibia on femur

45
Q

posterior cruciate ligament

A

prevents posterior sliding of tibia on femur

46
Q

during extension femor…

A

medially rotates on tibia by locking the knee by keeping the cruciate ligaments taut

47
Q

ankle joint

A

-hinge joint between inferior ends of tibia and fibula and talus

48
Q

intertarsal joints

A

inversion/eversion

49
Q

deltoid ligament

A

medial malleolus to navicular

50
Q

lateral ligament

A

consists of three bands:
-anterior and posterior talofibular ligament
-calcaneofibular ligament -

51
Q

inferior ends of tibia and fibula joined together by

A

anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments and interosseous membrane

52
Q

hilton’s law

A

any nerve that innervates a muscle producing movement at a joint also innervates the joint itself

Human anatomy (13 decks)

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