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Anatomy (S1U2) > Pelvic Neurovasculature > Flashcards

Pelvic Neurovasculature Flashcards

1
Q

The (superficial) epigastric anastomoses with what?

A

Paraumbilical a.

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2
Q

Which vessel is a branch off the abdominal aorta right at the bifurcation that travels right down the midline of the sacrum?

A

Median sacral a.

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3
Q

What are the 3 branches of the posterior trunk of the internal iliac

A

Iliolumbar a, lateral sacral aa, and superior gluteal a.

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4
Q

Which artery runs between the iliac crest and L5 and what does it supply?

A

Iliolumbar; medial ilium and L5

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5
Q

Where does the lateral sacral a enter and what does it supply?

A

ventral sacral foramina; sacrum and ventral sacral nn.

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6
Q

Which artery runs between the ventral rami L5 and S1? Where does it enter the gluteal region?

A

Superior gluteal a.; in the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis

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7
Q

Which ventral rami does the inferior gluteal a. run through? Where does it exit the pelvic cavity?

A

S2-S3 (sometimes S1-S2); greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis

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8
Q

Which 3 nn exit thru the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Sup gluteal, inf gluteal, and pudendal nn.

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9
Q

Which artery enters the gluteal region inferomedially to the piriformis? What does it supply? Where does it re-enter the pelvic cavity?

A

Internal pudendal; Urogenital and anal triangles; lesser sciatic foramen

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10
Q

Which artery is responsible for supplying erectile tissue?

A

Internal pudendal

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11
Q

Which structure carries the internal pudendal a. and pudendal n. in the pelvis? What forms this structure?

A

Pudendal canal; fascia of the obturator internus m

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12
Q

What are the 7-8 vessels of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac?

A

Umbilical a., sup vesical, obturator, uterine a (females), Vaginal (females)/Inf vesical (males), internal pudendal, inferior gluteal, and middle rectal

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13
Q

The umbilical artery is usually the first branch off the anterior trunk and runs toward the ant abdominal wall where it terminates as what?

A

medial umbilical ligaments

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14
Q

Which vessel sends off 3-4 superior vesical arteries

A

The umbilical a.

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15
Q

What does the obturator a. supply?

A

Medial thigh

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16
Q

Where do the proximal ductus deferens and seminal vesicles receive blood from?

A

Superior vesical aa.

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17
Q

What anastomosis is called the corona mortis or “crown of death”? Why?

A

Anastamosis of a branch of the obturator a. with the inferior epigastric aa which are branches off the external iliac; these branches are both early branches so damage opens the internal and external iliac systems

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18
Q

Where do we have an anastomosis between the iliac artery and the abdominal aorta?

A

Between the ovarian a (from aorta) and uterine a (internal iliac)

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19
Q

What does the uterine a supply?

A

uterus, cervix, and superior vaginal canal

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20
Q

The ureter runs ___ the uterine a

A

below

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21
Q

Which a supplies the inferior vaginal and the adjacent bladder and rectum?

A

vaginal a

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22
Q

The vaginal a is homologous to what male vessel?

A

Inferior vesical

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23
Q

The rectum has anastomoses from 3 different sources, what are they?

A

Middle rectal (from anterior internal iliac), superior rectal (IMA), and inferior rectal (from internal pudendal)

24
Q

Where does the superior rectal a branch from?

A

IMA

25
Q

Where does the inferior rectal a branch from?

A

internal pudendal

26
Q

The ureter runs between which two arteries?

A

Uterine and vaginal

27
Q

What does the inferior vesical artery supply?

A

posterior inferior bladder, ureter, seminal vesicle, and prostate

28
Q

What is an artery only present in males?

A

Inferior vesical a

29
Q

What is the portal-caval anastomosis associated with the pelvic cavity?

A

Superior rectal vv (from IMA) with the middle and inferior rectal (from internal iliac)

30
Q

What is the downside to valveless veins within plexuses?

A

metastasis, which is where an open flow of bad things (tumor cells) can openly flow between systems

31
Q

The primary nerve plexus of the pelvic cavity is called what? It is formed by contribution from which 3 sets of nerves?

A

Inferior hypogastric plexus (pelvic plexus); hypogastric nn., sacral splanchnic nn. (sympathetic), and pelvic splanchnic nn (parasympathetic)

32
Q

Which vessels form the sciatic n?

A

The anterior rami of spinal nerve L4-S3

33
Q

The sacral plexus is what kind of innervation?

A

Somatic

34
Q

Which nerves make up the sacral plexus?

A

Sciatic, gluteal, and pudendal nn

35
Q

Which ventral rami form the lumbosacral trunk?

A

L4-L5

36
Q

Which ventral rami emerge through the piriformis?

A

S2-S3

37
Q

Which ventral rami contribute to the pudendal n?

A

S2-S4

38
Q

Which ventral rami contribute to the sciatic and gluteal nn?

A

L4-S3

39
Q

Sympathetic fibers from which vertebral levels form the prevertebral plexus of the pelvis?

A

T10-L2(3)

40
Q

The sympathetics from which vertebral levels form the sacral splanchnic nn?

A

S2-S4

41
Q

Describe the travel of parasympathetic fibers from the pelvis to the hindgut

A

pelvic splanchnic parasympathetics branch off ventral rami -> inf hypogastric plexus -> hypogastric n -> sup hypogastric plexus -> hindgut structures

42
Q

What is a condensation between the inferior hypogastric plexus and superior hypogastric plexus?

A

hypogastric n

43
Q

Where do the sacral splanchnics feed into?

A

Inf hypogastric plexus

44
Q

The hypogastric n contains mostly sympathetic or parasympathetic fibers?

A

Sympathetic

45
Q

What is the main autonomic plexus of the pelvis?

A

Inferior hypogastric plexus

46
Q

The gray rami communicantes deliver what kind of fibers to anterior rami of the sacral nn for distribution ot periphery?

A

postganglionic sympathetic fibers

47
Q

The pelvic sympathetic chain is ___ to the sacral foramen?

A

medial

48
Q

The sympathetic trunk converges and terminates anterior to the ____ as _____

A

coccyx; ganglion impar

49
Q

Which nn can be easily injured in hysterectomies and prostate surgeries which can lead to impaired bladder control or sexual function?

A

The splanchnics (pelvic and sacral)

50
Q

Where does the lymphatic system begin?

A

In the ECM in the capillary beds

51
Q

Describe the lymphatic drainage pathway.

A

Superficial below umbilicus -> inferiorly to inguinal -> then deep -> then superiorly -> cisterna chyli -> thoracic duct

52
Q

Where is the thoracic duct?

A

Left side, root of neck, left venous angle

53
Q

What is the venous angle?

A

between left subclavian and internal jugular

54
Q

Why are we concerned with lymphatics?

A

It’s how we manage edema as the lymphatic system is connection between the ECM and venous system

55
Q

In general terms, where does lymph travel

A

through vessels, nodes, and cisterna

Anatomy (S1U2) (13 decks)

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