Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy (S1U2) > Digestive Histo II > Flashcards

Digestive Histo II Flashcards

1
Q

What are the projections of apical membrane of the intestinal absorptive cells that create the striated border?

A

Microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What makes up the core of the plicae circularis folds?

A

Submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What makes up the core of each individual villus of the plicae circularis?

A

Lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the absorptive cells of the SI called?

A

Enterocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Do goblet cells increase or decrease as we move distally in the SI?

A

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The simple tubular glands of the SI are called what? They do not extend past what?

A

Crypts of Lieberkuhn; muscularis mucosae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the exocrine cells at the base of the Crypts of Lieberkuhn?

A

Paneth cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What function do paneth cells perform?

A

They produce lysozyme, an antibacterial enzyme, that keeps the bacterial floral numbers in check

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which glands are only found in the duodenum? What is their function? What layer are they found?

A

Brunner’s glands (duodenal glands); produce alkaline mucous into the crypts of Lieberkuhn to help neutralize the acidic chime to protect mucous membrane and increase activity of enzymes; found in submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a good indicator that you are in the duodenum (hint: think glands)?

A

Will see glands in the submucosa, Brunner’s glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Groups of lymphatic nodules/follicles begin to appear in the lamina propria and submucosa of the ileum called what?

A

Peyer’s patches, highly basophilic and blue-colored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which cells overly the Peyer’s patches and what is their responsibility?

A

M cells; detect antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a good indicator that you are looking at the ileum?

A

Presence of very dark lymphatic nodules (Peyer’s patches)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the outer longitudinal smooth muscle that groups together into bands in the LI?

A

Teniae coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which cells are no longer present in the crypts of Lieberkuhn of the LI and why?

A

The paneth cells; bc we want bacterial cells in LI to flourish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the specific name for the absorptive cells of the LI?

A

Colonocytes

17
Q

What are 2 indicators that you are in the LI?

A

No villi and a lot of goblet cells within the mucosa

18
Q

Which structure of the LI have aggreagations of blueish lymphatic nodues? What is the nickname for this structure?

A

The vermiform appendix; the tonsil of the abdomen

19
Q

What are the 3 zones of the anal canal?

A

Colorectal, Anal Transitional, and Squamous Zones

20
Q

What is a key indicator that we have transitioned from colorectal zone to ATZ?

A

Muscularis mucosae has disappeared

21
Q

The ATZ has a mix of what kinds of epithelium?

A

Simple columnar, stratified columnar, and stratified squamous

22
Q

What is the key indicator that we have transitioned from ATZ to squamous zone?

A

Much thicker lining epithelium layer now containing only non-keratinized stratified squamous

23
Q

What is the name for the area where the common bile duct and pancreatic ducts come together and then enter into the duodenum?

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

24
Q

What are the endocrine glands of the pancreas known as? What is their function?

A

Islets of Langerhans; release hormones insulin and glucagon

25
Q

Which cells of the pancreas are responsible for secreting digestive enzymes?

A

Pancreatic acini

26
Q

What are the ducts of the pancreas called?

A

Intercalated ducts (where inactive enzymes and bicarbonate is released)

27
Q

What are the 2 sources of blood supply to the liver?

A

1.Oxygenated blood from proper hepatic artery 2.Deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood from hepatic portal vein

28
Q

Where in the liver are oxygen, nutrients, toxins taken up by hepatocytes?

A

Liver sinusoids

29
Q

What are the phagocytic cells of the liver responsible for the breakdown of damaged or old RBC’s?

A

Kupffer cells

30
Q

Which cells in the liver store vitamin A?

A

Hepatic stellate/Ito cells

31
Q

Portal triad consists of what 3 things? Which is the biggest?

A

Portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct; portal vein

32
Q

What type of cells line the bile duct?

A

Simple cuboidal

33
Q

What is the name for the area in the liver that surrounds the hepatocytes and lies between the hepatocytes and the endothelial cells?

A

Space of Disse

34
Q

Which two layers are missing in the walls of the gallbladder?

A

Muscularis mucosae and submucosa

Anatomy (S1U2) (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions