Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Repro > Pelvic mass > Flashcards

Pelvic mass Flashcards

1
Q

non gynae causes for pelvic mass bowel

A

constipation - commonest
caecal cancer
appendix abscess
diverticular abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

non gynae causes for pelvic mass other

A

urinary retention, pelvic kidney

retroperitoneal tumour
lymphomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

gynae causes for pelvic mass

A

uterine
tubal and para tubal
ovarian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

uterine causes for pelvic mass

A

pregnancy

fibroids - commonest

endometrial cancer - but usually presents early with PMB before mass

cervical cancer - late presentation with renal failure/bleeding/pain before mass is seen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are uterine fibroids
age
size

A

very common
leiomyosarcomas very rare
>40s
can be few cm to bigger and multiple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

types of fibroids

A 
submucosal
suserous
intracavity
intramural
pedunculated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

presentation of fibroids

A

may be asymp/incidental finding
menhorrhagia
pelvic mass
pain/tenderness but this if pregnant or menopause
pressure symptoms - increased frequency and nocturia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

who are fibroids common in

A

afro carribean population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

investigations for suspected fibroids

A

Hb if heavy bleeding
USS - usually dx
MRI for more precise localisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

treatment of fibroids

A

hysterectomy - if family complete
myomectomy
uterine artery embolisation
hysteroscopic resection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tubal swellings

A

ectopic preg - usually ruptures before becoming a pelvic mass

hydrosalpinx - fluid blocking tube - often longstanding/incidental

pyosalpinx - pus blocking tube - acute/inflam

paratubal cysts - usually small and incidental - embryological remnants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ovarian massess

A

tumours
functional cysts
endometriosis cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are functional cysts related to
size
rx
sx

A

follicular cysts/luteal cysts

rarely >5cm dm

usually resolve spontaneously

often asymp/incidental finding
may be menstrual disturbance
may bleed or rupture and cause pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what can endometriosis cause
what is assoc with
px

A

can cause blood filled cysts

severe dysmehnorrhagia, premenstrual pain, dyspareunia, sub fertility

tender mass with nodularity behind uterus

asympt till large choc cysts which may rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ovarian tumours that rise form the surface epithelium

A 
serous
mucinous
endometrioid
clear cell
brenner
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ovarian tumours that arise from germ cells

A

benign cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) - commonest

malignant germ cell tumours - v v v rare

17
Q

ovarian tumours arising from stroma

A

granulosa cells - secrete oestrogens - percasious puberty
theca/lydig cells severe androgens - androgenisation
fibroma - meigs syndrome

18
Q

what can malignant germ cells produce

A

HCG or AFP

19
Q

types of dermoid cyst

A

totipotential
teeth, sebaceous materia, hair
thyroid tissue -> thyrotoxicosis

20
Q

granulosa cell tumours

A

oestrogen producing

precocious puberty, PMB

21
Q

thecal tumours

A

androgen producing

hirsutism -> virilisation

22
Q

fibromas

A

meigs syndrome with benign fibroma and pleural effusion and ascites

23
Q

secondary mets in ovary

A

breast
pancreas
stomach
GI primaries

24
Q

presentation of ovarian cancer

A

mass, swelling, pressure symptoms
early peritoneal spread - malignancy ascites with protein exudate
insidious symptoms
often referred

25
Q

referred ovarian cancer

A 
heart burn/indigestion 
early satiety
weight loss/anorexia
bloating 
pressure symptoms (esp bladder)
change of bowel habit
SOB/pleural effusion 
leg oedema/DVT
26
Q

genetics and ovarian cancer

A

BRACA1/2

lynch syndrome

27
Q

risk factors for ovarian cancer

what protects

A

age
nulliparity
FH

OCP

28
Q

ix for ovarian cancer

A

hx and exam
CA 125, CEA markers
US - nature
CT - assessing spread

29
Q

CA125 raised when

when more useful

A 
in 80% of cancers
endometriosis
peritonitis/infection 
preg
pancreatitis
ascites
other malignancies

for follow up rather than dx

30
Q

CEA raised when

primary function

A

moderately elevated in ovarian cancer esp in mucinous tumours

exclude mets from GI primary

31
Q

USS finding of ovarian cancer

A 
complex mass with solid and cystic areas
multi loculated
thick separations
associated ascites
bilateral disease
32
Q

what is RMI

A

menopausal status x CA125 x USS score

33
Q

treatment of ovarian cyst/mass

A

removal or drainage if benign

removal of ovaries and uterus

34
Q

acute presentation of pelvic mass

A

cyst - rupture, haemorrhage, torsion and ischaemia

fibroid degeneration - red, compromised blood supply, seen in pregnancy or in peri menopause

35
Q

examination for pelvic mass

A 
anaemia
cachexia
chest
breast
nodes
legs
abdo
speculum/bimanual
36
Q

describing the mass

A 
size - cms or weeks gestation
consistency
surface 
tenderness
mobility
relation to uterus
pouch of douglas
37
Q

ix of pelvic mass

A 
Hb
WCC/CRP if suspected inflam
Biochem esp serum albumin
tumour markers - CA125, CEA, HCG, AFP
CXR
USS
MRI for fibroids/uterine mass
CT - suspected ovarian cancer

Repro (56 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions