Formatives** Flashcards
what proportion of couples suffer from infertility
1/6 so approx 15%
what bony landmark is closely associated to the pudendal nerve and artery
spinous process of the sacrum
boundaries of the pelvic inlet
anterior - symphysis pubis
laterally by the iliopentineal lines
posteriorly by the sacral promitory
what are the boundaries of the pelvic outlet
anterior - pubic arch
laterally ischial tuberosities
posteriorly by the coccyx
female
multiple small painful ulcers
flu like illness
unable to urinate due to discomfort
herpes simplex
non sexually active woman
frothy brownish vaginal discharge
offensive smell
BV
what stage is embryo transfer most successful at
blastocysts
when does LH surge occur before ovulation
24-36 hours
changes in the endometrium in the luteal phase are a direct effect of what hormone
progesterone
couple with a 5 yr history of infertility treatment
IVF
couple with 2 year history of anovolutary infertility due to PCOS rx
clomifine citrate
indirect dx of a viable intrauterine preg not obv on scan HCG
doubles by 50% in 2-3 days
oligoasthenospermia
low count and low motility
teratoasthenospermia
low morality and abnormal forms
where does spermatogenesis occur in a testicle
seminiferous tubules
where is testerone secreted from in males
leydig cells
Rectouterine pouch of douglas can be drained via a needle passed through what
posterior fornix of the vagina
most lymph >75% from the breast initially drains to the
axially LNs
what can contribute to the development of HIV antiretroviral treatment
poor adherence to meds
which is the most effective method of EC
copper coil
how long is LNG licensed to be used after unprotected sex
72 hours
the coc increases the risk of which cancers
and protects against which cancers
breast, cervical
ovarian and endometrial
chlamydia treatment
azithromycin
when should COC be started
within 5 days after a period
retinits caused by CMV in advanced immunosuppression is a result of what
reactivated infection
most important risk factor for GBV
female sex
stage 4 of the figo staging system for cervical cancer
carcinoma involves pelvic side
what info isn’t required when submitting an endometrial biopsy for examination
number of pregnancies
age range for cervical cancer screening
25-64
one of the main arteries that supplies the anterior abdominal wall
inferior epigastric
what does a suprapubic incision cut through
anterior rectus sheath
what effect does pregnancy have on the functional residual capacity
decreases it
what effect does pregnancy have on the contractility of the heart
increases it
does placenta praaevia lead to large for dates
no
what is the symphyseal - fundal height measured in
cm
what structure forms the vas deferans
mesonephric duct
when is the nuchal thickness measured in an US
11-14 weeks
11-13 (+6)
when is a pregnant uterus palpable in a singleton pregnancy
12 weeks
what is normal risk of someone having cystic fibrosis in a european descendent
1/25
what percentage of LGBT people say that they feel safe and supported by medical staff within the NHS in terms of their sexual orientation (same for trans)
57%
trans - 48%
what percentage of lesbian gay and bi people and trans people suffer from mental health issues
40% and 67% for trans
what is the dose of LNG that is given
one dose 1.5mg
what is COCP contraindicated in
women over 40 and with high BMI
what types of contraception are ruled out if a woman has fibroids
mirena and hysterescopic sterilisation
yellowish/green frothy with itching and soreness
trichomonas
warts genital
HPV
sore ulcerated lesions
genital herpes
creamy white discharge with redness
candidiasis
what can cause regret with sterilisation process
performed at the time of abortion or childbirth
<30
few or no children
not in a mutually faithful relationship or single
coercion by partner or medical personnel
failure rate of male sterilisation
1:2000
what fetal anomalies are associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
dysplastic kidneys
ventricular septal defect
micrognathia and smooth philtrum
microcephaly
pain from the uterus comes from which nerve fibres
visceral afferent fibres T11-L2
what can be used as a landmark to administer pudendal nerve block
anterior superior iliac spine
what is the ischia anal fosse filled with
fat
what does mirabegron not affect
the voiding phase
when are topical oestrogen’s used
atrophy of vaginal mucosa
uterus contracts hardens and rises and gush of blood
placental seperation
beginning and end of the second stage of labour
full dilatation of the cervix
ends with complete delivery of the baby
how long does it take for tissues to return to normal state after birth
6 weeks
painless recurrent bleeds in third trimester
placental previa
what should be taken if the mum is on anti epileptic medication
5mg folic acid taken from before and up to 3 months conception which reduces the risk of spina bifida
volume of drug distribution is what during pregnancy
increased by changes in plasma volume and fat stored
sudden need to urinate and difficulty deferring and potentially associated incontinance
OAB
risk factors for pelvic girdle pain
increased BMI before preg
history of lower back and pelvic pain or pelvic trauma
hard physical job
PGP in previous pregnancy
why is ductus arteriosis necessary in a fetus
to oxygenate the fetal venous return during the right ventricle
what is the fluid in the fetal lung before birth made
made by fetal lung
how long should gestational correction continue for babies born before 32 weeks
until 12 months
what is screened for in a newborn baby
hypothyroidism
congenital dislocation of the hip
hearing loss
phenylketouria
how is coverage calculated
screwed population/eligble population X 100
newborn baby breathing quickly and feeding poorly
group B strep infection
