Pelvic Girdle - Class #3 Flashcards
what is the medial, larger bone of the lower leg
tibia
the second largest bone in the body is the _____
tibia
which part of the tibia receives body weight when kneeling?
tibial tuberosity
how can one identify the orientation of the tibia
1) superiorly - tibial plateau
2) anteriorly - tibial shaft
3) medially - medial malleolus
what is the name of the lateral, smaller bone of the lower leg?
fibula
the fibula bears approx ___ of body’s weight
1/5
what is the better name for the knee cap?
patella
what type of bone is the patella
sesamoid bone
why does the lateral aspect of the patella project more anteriorly?
to prevent lateral dislocation
how can you identify the orientation of the fibula
1) interiorly - apex
2) posteriorly - smooth surface
what are the 4 bursa of the knee joint
1) prepatellar bursa
2) subcutaneous bursa
3) deep infrapatellar burssa
4) pretibial bursa
what are the fibrocartilage discs that sit on the superior surface of the tibia?
meniscus
meniscus are _____ shaped when viewed anteriorly
wedge
what are two other names for meniscus
1) semilunar cartilage
2) intra-articular discs
stability of a joint is dependent on what?
ligaments (as well as muscles and cartilage)
what are the 4 ligaments of the knee that surround joints on all sides?
1) Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
2) Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
3) Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
4) Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
what shape is the MCL?
fan shaped, flat and broad
is the MCL capsular or accessory ligament?
capsular and attaches to the medial meniscus
is the LCL capsular or accessory?
accessory ligament (not attached to capsule or meniscus)
where do the fibers of the ACL run?
up, back and lateral
how is the ACL most often damaged?
cutting, or turning maneuver, landing off balance after a jump or sudden deceleration
is the ACL capsular or accessory ligament?
intracapsular (found inside the joint capsule)
where do the fibres of the PCL run?
up, forward and medial
is the PCL capsular or accessory?
intracapsular (found inside the joint capsule)
what are the medial and lateral sides of the knee joint capsule strengthened by?
fibrous extensions of the quadriceps called medial and lateral patellar retinacula
flexion of the knee joint is limited by what
soft tissue block
extension of the knee joint is limited by what?
hard (bone) block
what is the “screw home mechanism”
rotation that occurs when the knee goes from flexion to full extension
