Joints of the Vertebral Column Flashcards
What type of joint consists of discs found between adjacent vertebral bodies
cartilaginous joints
why are the discs of cartilaginous joints important?
for shock absorption and movement
where are the discs of cartilaginous joints the thickest and why?
cervical and lumbar (where ROM is greatest), and increased cushioning is needed in lumbar for weight
what is the name of the thick fibrocartilage covering on the discs found between adjacent vertebral bodies?
annulus fibrosus
what is the name of the gelatinous centre of the disc?
nucleus pulposus
what is a herniated disc?
when the nucleus pulpous protrudes through the annulus fibrosus
where is a common site for herniation?
L5-S1, lumbar discs most commonly ruptured
Where are synovial joints located in the vertebral column?
between superior and inferior articular processes (facet joints)
what shape are the synovial joints between the superior and inferior articular processes?
tiny plane joints
what are the 2 specialized synovial joints of the vertebral column?
1) atlanto-occipital
2) atlanto-axial
what are the articulating surfaces in the atlanto-occipital joint
C1 superior articular facets and occipital condyles
what shape is the atlanto occipital joint?
condyloid joint
what movements are possible at the atlanto-occipital joint
flexion and extension of the neck
what are the articulating surfaces of the atlanto-axial joint?
anterior arch of C1 and odontoid process (dens) of C2
what shape is the atlanto axial joint?
pivot joint
