Pelvic floor

Question 1

What IS the perineum?

Answer 1

The region below the pelvic floor, between the skin

Question 2

Which of the perineal triangles has to be reinforced? Why and with what?

Answer 2

Urogenital triangle

When standing the weight of the organs are more on this triangle (UG triangle is nearly horizontal! Anal triangle is nearly vertical)

Reinforced with a transverse “Perineal” membrane

Question 3

What does the perineal membrane create?

Answer 3

A deep space (ironically on TOP of the triangle)

and a superficially space (BELOW the membrane)

Question 4

What is the transverse perineal ligament?

Answer 4

A thickening of the perineal membrane anteriorly

Question 5

What are the muscles of the pelvic floor?

Answer 5

Coccygeus
Levator ani (illeococcygeus, pubococcygeus, pubococcygeus proper, pubovaginalis (f) or levator prostati (m))

Pubococygeus also has a sling part called puborectalis that “embraces” the rectum

Question 6

What is the continuation of Scarpa’s fascia in the urogenital triangle?

Answer 6

Colles’ fascia

Question 7

What is the coccygeus on the anterior surface of?

Answer 7

Sacrospinous ligament

Question 8

What are the roots of the pudendal nerve?

Answer 8

Ventral rami of S2-4

Question 9

What does Scarpa’s fascia become in the scrotum?

Answer 9

Dartos’ fascia