Embryology of body cavities

Question 1

What gastrulation layer produces glands?

Answer 1

Endoderm

Question 2

What structures are in the umbilical ring?

Answer 2

2 umbilical arteries
1 umbilical vein
Yolk stalk
Yolk sa

Question 3

What are the large openings (pleural cavities) on each side of the foregut left by the septum transversum?

Answer 3

Pericardioperitoneal canals

Question 4

What does the septum transversum separate?

Answer 4

Pericardial cavity from the rest of the embryo

Question 5

What 2 things “partially delimit the pleural canals”?

Answer 5

Pleuropericardial fold and pleuroperitoneal fold

Question 6

What does the pleuropericardial membrane become in the adult?

Answer 6

Fibrous pericardium

Question 7

What is the epicardium also called?

Answer 7

Visceral pericardium

Question 8

What is on the outside of the pleural cavity?

Answer 8

Parietal pericardium

Question 9

What does the septum transversum become in the adult?

Answer 9

Diaphragm

Question 10

What nemonic can help your remember the components of the diaphragm?

Answer 10

Several Parts Build the Diaphragm

(septum transversum, pleuroperitoneal membranes, body wall, dorsal mesentery of esophagus

Question 11

What causes a congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Answer 11

Failures of pleuroperitoneal membranes to close the pericardioperitoneal canals

Question 12

What does each part of the fetal diaphragm become in the adult?

Answer 12

Pleuroperitoneal folds- (mesoderm derived)- form large portion of fetal diaphragm, regress in adult
Septum transversum- (mesoderm derived)- central tendon of the diaphagm
Body wall- Muscular component – myoblasts migrate in from somites at cervical level 3-5 give rise to skeletal muscle
Dorsal mesentary of the esophagus- gray- forms the crura of the diaphragm