Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TAP > Development of GU system > Flashcards

Development of GU system Flashcards

1
Q

What is the proper term for Wolffian ducts?

A

Mesonephric ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the proper name for Muellerian ducts?

A

Paramesonephric ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Wolffian ducts = ____. Muellerian = _____.

A

Male

Female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the metanephros duct and blastema turn into?

A

Kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the cloaca?

A

Outlet for waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What precedes the mesonephros?

A

Pronephros

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the mesonephric duct connect to during development? What grows off it?

A

Cloaca

Ureteric bud grows off (and eventually becomes urine collecting tubes of kidneys)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What goes on to become the functioning portion of the kidney?

A

Metanephric blastema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the pair of genital ridges?

A

Induce formation of sex cords to become ovary of testes. in mesonephros Happens in response to arrival of primordial germ cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the indifferent stage?

A

At weeks 5-6. Cannot tell if embryo is male or female.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which kidney is higher?

A

Left (liver is big)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are locations of possible restriction of ureters?

A
  1. Hilum
  2. Crossing pelvic brim
  3. Entering the bladder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is ureter pain referred?

A

T10-L1. Referred to ipsilateral lower quadrant paint (inguinal region)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the cloaca divide into between weeks 4-6?

A

Urogenital sinus and rectum by the urorectal septum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the allantois?

A

An open tube that connects to the yolk sac after two systems (urogenital and rectum) separate. Becomes a closed tube called the urachus and ultimately the median umbilical ligament in the adult.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens if the urachus malforms?

A

Can remain patent and open to the umbilicus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the urethral sphincters?

A

External (striated, somatic control via pudendal)

Internal (detrusor, smooth muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the types of urinary incontinence?

A
  1. Urge incontinence (detrusor muscle overactivity)

2. Stress incontinence (increased intra-abdominal pressure/ Poor resistance to urinary flow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What results from oligo or anhydramnios?

A

Pulmonary hypoplasia ultimately resulting in respiratory distress and possibly death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the genital tubercle become in males? Females?

A 
Males = gland of penis
Females = clitoris
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the genital folds become in males? Females?

A 
Males = contributes to inf surface of penis
Females = labia minora
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does the genital (labioscrotal) swellings become in males? Females?

A 
Males = scrotal pouches
Females = labia majora
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the urogenital groove become in males? Females?

A 
Males = penile urethra
Females = remains open as vestibule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is different in males from females in GU development? What is the equivalent in females?
What are they?

A

Fused genital folds (becomes corpus spongiosum)

Called bulb of vestibule in females

Erectile tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What muscles superficially cover the deep pouch? What do they do?

A

Ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus

Help maintain erection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What secretes fluid during female arousal?

A

Greater vestibular glands aka Bartholin’s glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is external female genitalia called?

A

Vulva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the line of the fusion of corpus spongiosum?

A

Penile Raphe

29
Q

What is the line of the fusion of folds in the corpus spongiosum?

A

Penile Raphe

30
Q

What is on the inner layer of penile foreskin?

A

Muscocutaneous glands for lubrication

31
Q

What does the urethra pass through in males?

A

Corpus spongiosum

32
Q

What are the corpora cavernosa?

A

2 columns along the front surface of the penis that engorge w/ blood during erection

33
Q

What relaxes an erection?

A

Nitric oxide from nerve endings relax vascular and corporal smooth muscle

34
Q

What nerve innervates male and female genitalia? What are the nerve roots?

A

Pudendal

S2-4

35
Q

What is hypospadius?

A

Abnormal penile morphology where the urethra opens along the ventral surface of the penile shaft.

36
Q

What is epispadias?

A

Opening of penile urethra on dorsal surface

37
Q

What degenerates in female internal genitalia? What takes over?

A

Mesonephros degenerates (in the absence of testosterone)

Paramesonephros grows

38
Q

What forms the uterus and fallopian tubes?

A

Paramesonephric ducts which fuse to form the uterus. The small portions that don’t for form the uterine (fallopian) tubes

39
Q

What causes the descent of the ovary?

A

Shortening of gubernaculum

40
Q

What connects the ovary to the uterus?

A

Ligament of ovary proper

41
Q

What connects the uterus in body?

A

Round ligament of the uterus which connects to the labia

42
Q

What are the adult remnants of the gubernaculum in the female?

A

Round ligament of uterus

Ligament of ovary proper

43
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

In the fallopian tube (most commonly in the ampulla)

44
Q

What are the first cells in a woman to develop cervical cancer?

A

Transition zone of cervix

45
Q

What happens to the vagina during sexual arousal?

A

Increased blood flow inducing neurogenic transudate (extravascular fluid) to lubricate walls

46
Q

What is the posterior fornix?

A

The barrier between the vagina and the rectouterine pouch (Pouch of Douglas)

47
Q

What is the innervation of the vagina?

A

Visceral (parasympathetic 2/3) AND somatic (pudendal, distal 1/3)

48
Q

What are the parasympathetic/sympathetic roots of the uterus and vagina?

A

Sympathetic = T12-L2

Parasympathetic travels in Pelvic splanchnic nerves from the sacral plexus

49
Q

What is the blood supply of the uterus?

A

Ovarian artery (br. of aorta)
Uterine artery
Vaginal artery

50
Q

What is the relationship of the ureter and the uterine vessels? What is this bundle called?

A

Ureter goes UNDER (water under the bridge!)

The cardinal ligament

51
Q

What is the layer of peritoneum called that drapes over ovary and fallopian tube?

A

Broad ligament of uterus. Broken up to mesovarium (ovary), mesosalpinx (fallopian) and mesometrium

52
Q

What do the ovarian vessels travel through?

A

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

53
Q

What does the ductus deferens develop from?

A

Mesonephric duct

54
Q

What is the remnant of the gubernaculum in adults males?

A

Gubernaculum testis

55
Q

What is the path of sperm?

A

Seminiferous tubules -> rete testes -> efferent ductules -> epididymis (storage and maturation) - ductus deferens

56
Q

What do bulbourethral glands do?

A

Secrete lubricant to flush out urethra just before ejaculation. Clear thick mucus

57
Q

What are the parts of the male urethra?

A

Prostatic (prostate)
Membranous (deep perineum)
Spongy/penile (corpus spongiosum)

58
Q

What is the blood supply to the male pelvis?

A

Anterior branch of internal iliac: Inferior vesical artery (prostratic branch, branch to ductus deferens)

Testicular artery from aorta

59
Q

What supplies the skin of the scrotum and penis (& inferior anus!)?

A

Pudendal nerve

60
Q

What is the origin of the parasympathetic nerves in the pelvis?

A

Pelvic Splanchnic (P+S!) S2-S3, sacral in origin

61
Q

What produces penile erection?

A

Parasympathetic system (Point)

62
Q

What produces penile ejaculation?

A

Sympathetic Shoot!)

63
Q

What are the female descendants of the paramesonephric ducts?

A

Uterine tubes
Uterus
Superior vagina

64
Q

What are the male descendants of the mesonephric ducts?

A

Epididymis
Ductus (vas) deferens
Seminal vesicles
Ejaculatory ducts

65
Q

Where do internal pelvic organs drain their lymph?

A

Follows the pattern of venous drainage

66
Q

Where do superficial pelvic organs drain their lymph?

A

Inguinal nodes -> external iliac nodes

67
Q

Where do the gonads drain their lymph?

A

(ovaries and testes) Aortic nodes

68
Q

What lymph nodes do the skin of the genitalia drain to?

A

Superficial inguinal

TAP (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions