Pelvic Contents Flashcards
Describe the relationship of the peritoneum and rectum?
Upper 1/3 - covered by visceral peritoneum
Middle 1/3 - peritoneum on anterior surface
Lower 1/3 - infraperitoneal
What is the structure indicated by the red line?
Lateral fornix - spaces found either side of the cervix
What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterus?
- Fundus - aortic nodes at L2 at ovarian artery
- Body - External iliac nodes via the broad ligament
- Top of internal os - internal iliac and sacral
What structure is highlighted?
Transverse folds of the rectum
Which part of the uterine tube is fertilisation most likely to occur in?
The ampulla
What is the nerve supply to the ovaries?
Aortic plexus
Describe the innervation of the sphincters of the bladder?
Sphincter vesicae is formed of smooth muscle and is under control by the ANS (involuntary)
External sphincter of micturition is under voluntary control
What is the venous drainage of the bladder?
First to the vesical plexus and then to the internal iliac veins
What is seen on the internal surface of the bladder?
Rugae
What do the fimbrae do?
Gather the ovum released by the ovary into the uterine tube
What is the arterial supply to the ovaries?
The ovarian (gonadal) artery - a direct branch of the abdominal aorta at L2
What do the transverse folds and rectal ampulla facilitate?
The storage of faeces before it is excreted to the anal canal
What ligament is formed by the peritoneum as it passes over the uterus?
The broad ligament
What is the lymphatic drainage of the anal canal?
Anal canal superior to the pectinate line drains to internal iliac nodes
Anal canal inferior to the pectinate line drains to superficial inguinal nodes
What structures does the ovarian artery supply?
The ovaries, uterine tubes and the fundus
What is highlighted?
The rectum
What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterine tubes?
- Aortic nodes at the root of ovarian artery - L2
- Superficial inguinal nodes via the round ligament
What does anteverted mean?
That the long axis of the uterus bends forward on the long axis of the vagina
What muscle forms the muscular wall of the bladder?
Detrusor muscle
What is the standard position that the uterus lies in?
Anteverted and anteflexed
What artery does the uterine artery anastomose with?
Ovarian artery
Describe the venous drainage of the rectum
Site of portal anastamosis
Blood from superior aspect of rectum drains into the portal system via the inferior mesenteric vein
Inferior parts of the rectum drain into local veins to the internal iliac vein into the systemic venous system
What is the name of the enlarged area between the 3 transverse folds of the rectum?
Rectal ampulla
What ligaments support the neck of the bladder?
Male - puboprastatic ligament
Female - pubovesical ligament
What pelvic floor muscles help prevent uterine prolapse through the pelvic floor?
The pubococcygeus - forms a sling around the vagina called the pubovaginalis
What are the roles of the 3 parts of the broad ligament?
Mesovarium - holds the ovaries to the posterior surface of the broad ligament
Mesosalpinx - supports the uterine tubes
Mesometrium - main part of the broad ligament associated with the body of the uterus