Gluteal Region Flashcards
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Obturator externus Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
What are the attachments of quadratus femoris?
Ischial tuberosity
Inserts into the quadrate tubercle on the inertrochanteric crest of the femur
What are the attachments of obturator internus?
Pelvic surface of the obturator membrane and surrounding bones
Inserts into the medial side of the greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
Passes through the lesser sciatic foramen
What are the attachments of gluteus medius?
Ilium between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines
Inserts into the greater trochanter of the femur on the lateral surface
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Obturator internus
Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
Describe the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Lies on the posterior aspect of the sciatic nerve
Roots are S1,2,3
Gives off inferior clunial nerves which supply the skin of the inferior half of the buttock
What are the actions of the Gemelli muscles?
Lateral rotation of the hip
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Gluteus Maximus
Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
What movements does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?
Extension
Medial rotation
Adduction
What are the attachments of the pubofemoral ligament?
Iliopubic eminence into the lower part of the intertrochanteric line
What ligament is shown?
The iliofemoral lig.
What are the major vessels supplying the hip joint?
Medial circumflex
Lateral circumflex
Acetabular branch (artery to head of femur, round ligament artery)
What is the part of the hip that bears the weight of the body when seated?
Ischial tuberosity
What are the functions of the gluteus maximus?
Extends the hip
Assists in lateral rotation
What supplies the purple aspect of the posterior thigh?
Superior clunial nerve
posterior rami L1, L2, L3
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Quadratus Femoris
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
What is the function of quadratus femoris?
Laterally rotates the hip
What are the main gluteal nerves and vessels to the region?
Superior gluteal nerves and vessels (superficial and deep)
Inferior gluteal nerves and vessels
Relative to piriformis
What are the attachments of the tensor fasciae latae?
Anterior iliac creast and ASIS
Inserts into the iliotibial tract
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Gluteus Minimis
Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Piriformis
Anterior rami of S1 and S2
What are the attachments of gluteus maximus?
Sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and the ilium behind the posterior gluteal line
3/4 insert into the iliotibial tract
1/4 inserts into the gluteal tuberosity of the femur
What ligament is shown?
The sacrospinous ligament
What are the lateral rotators of the hip?
Gluteus Maximus (extensor) Piriformis Obturator Internus Gemelli Quadratus Femoris
What are the attachments of the piriformis muscle?
Anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
Inserts into the greater trochanter of the femur on the superior border
Passes through the greater sciatic foramen
What area of the lower limb does the obturator nerve supply?
Medial compartment of thigh
What ligament is shown?
Pubofemoral
What ligament is shown?
The sacrotuberous ligament
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Inferior gemelli
Nerve to quadratus femoris
What are the functions of gluteus medius?
Abducts the hip and medially rotates it
What are the actions of gluteus medius?
Abducts and medially rotates the hip
What supplies the pink region of the posterior aspect of the thigh?
The posterior clunial nerve of the thigh with the inferior clunial branches
(anterior rami S1, 2, 3)
What movements does the pubofemoral ligament limit?
Extension
Lateral Rotation
Abduction
What supplies the brown region of the posterior region of the thigh?
Middle clunial nerve
posterior rami S1,2,3
What ligament is shown?
The ischiofemoral ligament
What are the attachments of the iliofemoral ligament?
AIIS into the intertrochanteric line
Split into upper and lower bands
What are the attachments of the ischiofemoral ligament?
Posterior aspect of acetabulum
Inserts into the greater trochanter
What are the attachments of obturator externus?
Outer surface of the obturator membrane
Inserts into the trochanteric fossa
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Gluteus Medius
Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
What is this muscle and its innervatiton?
Superior gemelli
Nerve to obturator internus
What are the actions of the tensor fasciae latae muscle?
Tenses the fasciae latae and IT tract
Supports the femur on the tibia during standing
What are the attachments of the Gemelli muscles?
Superior - origin is ischial spine
Inferior - origin is ischial tuberosity
Blends with the tendon of obturator internus
What muscle is highlighted and what is its innervation?
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1)
What are the roots of the sciatic nerve?
L4, 5, S1, 2, 3
What movements does the iliofemoral ligament limit?
Extension
Lateral rotation
Adduction (upper band)
Abduction (lower band)
What are the functions of obturator internus?
Laterally rotates the hip
What 3 bones fuse to make up the innominate (hip) bone?
Ilium
Pubic
Ischium
What are the attachments of gluteus medius?
Ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Inserts into the greater trochanter of the femur
What are the medial rotators and abductors of the hip?
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
What are the 2 branches that the sciatic nerve divides into and where do they enter into the gluteal region?
Tibial - Leaves below piriformis
Common peroneal - can leave below with tibial or above or through the piriformis
What is highlighted?
The Greater Sciatic Foramen
What is the function of the piriformis?
Laterally rotates the hip
What is the arrow pointing to?
Arcuate line
