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Gross Anatomy 3 > Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the actions of Adductor Longus?

A

Adduction of the thigh

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2
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A 
Gracilis 
Obturator nerve (L2, 3)
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3
Q

What muscle is highlighted?

A

Rectus femoris

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4
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A

Adductor Brevis

Obturator (L2, L3, L4)

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5
Q

What muscle is highlighted and what is its innervation?

A 
Pectineus 
Femoral nerve (L2, L3) and sometimes recives branches from obturator nerve
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6
Q

What is the origin of vastus medialis?

A

Intertrochanteric line

Medial line aspera

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7
Q

What are the attachments of adductor magnus?

A

Ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

Inserts into the linea aspera, the medial supracondylar line and onto the adductor tubercle

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8
Q

What are the attachments of the iliacus?

A

Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroilliac ligament
Attaches to the psoas tendon and the lesser trochanter of the femur

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9
Q

What are the areas the branches of the femoral nerve supply?

A

Muscular branches - supplies the muscles in the anterior thigh
Articular branches - to the hip and knee
Cutaneous - anteromedial thigh

Gives off saphenous nerve which is a terminal cutaneous branch to the anteromedial aspect of the knee, leg and foot

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10
Q

What muscle is highlighted?

A

The Vastus Medialis

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11
Q

What are the compartments of the thigh and what is the role of the muscles in each compartment?

A

Anterior compartment - Flexes hip, extends knee
Medial compartments - Adducts hip
Posterior compartment - Extends hip, flexes knee

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12
Q

What are the attachments of Sartorius?

A

ASIS

Inserts onto the medial surface of tibia

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13
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A 
Iliacus muscle 
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
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14
Q

What muscle is highlighted?

A

Vastus intermedius

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15
Q

What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?

A

Sartorius
Vastus medialis
Adductor Longus

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16
Q

What are the hip adductors?

A 
Gracilis 
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis 
Adductor Magnus 
Obturator externus (doesnt adduct but is with this group in the medial compartment)
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17
Q

What is the parent artery of the obturator artery?

A

Internal iliac

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18
Q

What are the functions of pectineus?

A

Adduct and flex the hip

Assists with medial rotation

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19
Q

What are the attachments of adductor longus?

A

Body of the pubis

Inserts into the middle 1/3 of the linea aspera

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20
Q

What are the functions of the gracilis muscle?

A

Adducts the hip

Flexes the knee

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21
Q

What arteries contibute to the cruciate anastomosis?

A

Inferior gluteal
Medial and lateral circumflex arteries
1st perforating branch (profunda femoris)

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22
Q

Describe the course and branches of the obturator artery?

A

Passes through the obturator canal to reach the medial compartment of thigh. Gives of anterior and posterior branches.

Anterior - branches to muscles of the medial compartment
Posterior - branches to the muscles attached to the ischial tuberosity

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23
Q

What is the common insertion for all quadriceps muscles?

A

Quadraceps tendon then to the tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

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24
Q

What is the course taken by obturator nerve?

A

Runs along the lateral wall of the pelvis and passes through the obturator canal to enter the thigh
Splits into anterior and posterior branches relative to the adductor brevis

Gives off muscular branches to the medial thigh e.g. branches to the adductors
Anterior branch gives off cutaneous branches to the middle part of the medial thigh

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25
Q

What is highlighted?

A

Neck of femur

26
Q

Describe the profunda femoris artery

A

Branch of the femoral
Runs deep to adductor magnus and has 3/4 perforating branches that pierce through the AM
Gives off medial and lateral circumflex arteries

27
Q

What are the functions of sartorius?

A

Flexion of thigh
Abduction
Lateral rotation of hip
Flexion of knee

28
Q

What structure is highlighted?

A

The intertrochanteric line on the anterior surface of the femur

29
Q

What aspects of the thigh are supplied by the femoral artery?

A

Anterior and anteromedial thigh

30
Q

What bony landmark is highlighted?

A

The pectineal line - acts as the point of attachment for the pectineus muscle

31
Q

What muscle is highlighted and what is its innervation?

A

Adductor Magnus
Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Hamstring part is supplied by the tibial division of sciatic nerve (L4)

32
Q

What is the role of iliacus?

A

Flexes hip

33
Q

What muscle is highlighted?

A

Vastus lateralis

34
Q

What muscles acts to flex the hip?

A

Iliacus
Psoas major
Pectineus
Sartorius

35
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A

Obturator Externus

Obturator nerve - L3, L4

36
Q

What are the attachments of gracilis?

A

Body and inferior ramus of the pubis

Inserts into the superior medial surface of the tibia

37
Q

Describe the course taken by the femoral artery in the thigh?

A

Passes through the femoral triangle, through the adductor canal then passes through the adductor hiatus to become the popliteal artery

38
Q

What runs in the adductor canal?

A

Femoral vessels - Pass through the adductor hiatus to reach the popliteal fossa

Saphenous nerve - passes between sartorius and gracilis to supply the skin of the anteromedial knee, leg and foot

39
Q

What is highlighted?

A

The intertrochanteric crest between the trochanters on the posterior aspect of the femur

40
Q

What are the actions of Addutor Magnus?

A

Adducts the thigh
Adductor part flexes thigh
Hamstring part extends the thigh

41
Q

What are the attachments of the obturator externus?

A

Margins of the obturator foramen and obturator membrane

Inserts into trochanteric fossa

42
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A 
Sartorius 
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
43
Q

What is the role of psoas major?

A

Flexion of hip

Both can work to raise trunk from supine position

44
Q

What is the origin of vastus lateralis?

A

Greater trochanter

Lateral linea aspera

45
Q

What are the attachments of adductor brevis?

A

Body and inferior ramus of the pubis

Inserts into the pectineal line and proximal linea aspera

46
Q

What muscles act as extensors of the knee joint?

A

The Quadriceps muscles (4 heads)

  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus intermedius
47
Q

What are the roots of obturator nerve?

A

Anterior divisions L2-L4

48
Q

What are the actions of obturator externus?

A

Lateral rotation of the thigh

in the adductor compartment but is not an adductor!

49
Q

What are the actions of adductor brevis?

A

Adducts the thigh and can assist in flexion

50
Q

What are the attachments of pectineus?

A

Superior ramus of the pubis

Inserts into the pectineal line of the femur

51
Q

Where is the adductor canal located?

A

Runs from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus
Underlies the distal half of the sartorius muscle

52
Q

What are the attachments of psoas major?

A

T12-L5, intervertebral discs, lumbar transverse processes

Inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur

53
Q

What is the actions of the quadriceps muscles?

A

Extension of the knee

The rectus femoris also flexes the hip

54
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A

Psoas major

Anterior rami of L1-L3

55
Q

What are the origins of vastus intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral shaft of femur

56
Q

What is the course of the femoral nerve within the anterior thigh?

A

Passes deep to the inguinal ligament, medial to ASIS, runs on the tendon of the iliopsoas muscle

57
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A 
Adductor Longus 
Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
58
Q

What are the origins of rectus femoris?

A

AIIS

Ilium above the accetabulum

59
Q

What is the innervation of the quadriceps muscles?

A

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

60
Q

What is highlighted?

A

The linea aspera - distally in splits into the supracondylar lines

61
Q

What is the femoral artery a continuation of?

A

The external iliac artery

Gross Anatomy 3 (14 decks)

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