Joints of the Foot Flashcards
What structures provide support to the longitudinal arches of the foot?
Muscles provide dynamic support
Ligamentous structures provide passive support
What type of joints are the MTP joints
Synovial condyloid joints
Describe this ligament
Calcaneocuboid part of the Bifurcate ligament
Runs from the calcaneus to the Navicular and Cuboid
Describe the anatomical subtalar joint
Talus- slightly concave posterior calcaneal articular surface
Calcaneus- convex posterior articular facet
Describe this ligament
Long Plantar Ligament
Runs from the Calcaneus to the Cuboid and Metatarsals
What are the ligaments of the midtarsal joint? (5)
Bifurcate ligament Dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament Long plantar ligament Short plantar ligament Spring ligament
Describe the lateral longitudinal arch when the foot is weight bearing?
The arch will rest on the ground
What are the ligaments of the subtalar joint?
Medial Talocalcaneal
Lateral Talocalcaneal
Interosseous Talocalcaneal (strong)
Posterior Talocalcaneal
What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint?
Plane synovial
What joint type is indicated by the red arrows?
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints
What movements occur at the IP joints?
Flexion and Extension
What are the joint types of the 2 joints that make up the talocalcaneonavicular joint?
Talocalcaneal part- synovial plane
Talonavicular part- ball and socket
What helps to support the transverse arch anteriorly, at the level of the metatarsal heads?
Deep transverse metatarsal ligament
What muscle helps to support the transverse arch at the metatarsal bones?
Adductor Hallucis muscle
What type of joint is the subtalar joint?
Synovial plane
What ligamentous structures provides passive support to the longitudinal arches of the feet?
Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament
Short plantar ligament (calcaneocuboid)
Long plantar ligament
Plantar aponeurosis
What bones make up the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot?
Calcaneus, cuboid, metatarsals 4 and 5
What 2 joints make up the Transverse (mid) Tarsal Joint?
Talonavicular Joint
Calcaneocuboid Joints
What movements occur at the MTP joints?
Flexion, Extension
Abduction, Adduction
What is the Tarsometatarsal joints sometimes referred to clinically?
LisFranc’s Joint
What ligaments bind the tarsometatarsal ligaments together?
Dorsal, Plantar and Interosseous tarsometatarsal ligaments
Describe the ligament being highlighted
Spring ligament
Runs from Calcaneus to the Navicular
What bones contribute to the medial longitudinal arch of the foot?
Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, 3 Cuneiforms and Metatarsals 1-3
What comprises the Tarsometatarsal Joints?
The anterior aspect of the Tarsal Bones - cuboid and cuneiforms
Bases of the metatarsals
What joint type is indicated by the green arrows?
Interphalangeal (IP) joints
What do the arches of the feet allow?
Weight distribution
Allows foot to act as a shock absorber
Allows foot to act as a spring board
How is the weight distributed through the foot?
Almost equally between the calcaneus and the heads of the metatarsals
Describe this ligament
Dorsal Calcaneocuboid Ligament
Runs from the calcaneus to the cuboid
What type of joint are the tarsometatarsal joints?
Synovial Plane
What movements occur at the Subtalar and Talcalcaneal part of the Talocalcaneonavicular joints?
Inversion and Eversion
What movement does the midtarsal joint augment?
Inversion and Eversion
What muscles provide dynamic support to the longitudinal arches?
All the intrinsic muscles of the foot
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Describe the ligament being highlighted?
Short plantar ligament
Runs from the calcaneus to the cuboid
What type of joints are the IP joints
Synovial hinge joints
Which of the longitudinal arches is higher?
The medial longitudinal arch
What tendons support the transverse arch at the level of the tarsal arch?
Tendon of Tibialis Posterior
Tendon of Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus
