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Gross Anatomy 3 > Anterior and Lateral Leg + Dorsum of the Foot > Flashcards

Anterior and Lateral Leg + Dorsum of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What supplies the purple region?

A

Saphenous nerve

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2
Q

What is the role of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Extensors of the ankle joint and digits
Ankle extension = Dorsiflexion

(Tendons pass anterior to the ankle joint)

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3
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A

Peroneus/ Fibularis Longus

Superficial peroneal nerve (L5,S1,S2)

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4
Q

What is the insertion of extensor hallucis brevis?

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the hallux

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5
Q

What is the innervation to the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial Peroneal Nerve (L5,S1,S2)

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6
Q

What are the extensor retinacula of the leg?

A

Superior Extensor Retinaculum

Inferior Extensor Retinaculum

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7
Q

In what direction do the fibres of the interosseous membrane between the fibula and tibia pass?

A

Inferolaterally from tibia to fibula

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8
Q

What are the attachments of the superior extensor retinaculum?

A

Anterior border of the tibia to the lower end of the fibula

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9
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

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10
Q

What are the functions of Extensor digitorum longus?

A

Extends the lateral 4 toes

Dorsiflexes the ankle

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11
Q

Describe the arcuate artery route

A

Runs across the metatarsals to anastomose with the lateral tarsal artery
This arch then gives of metatarsal and digital arteries to supply the toes

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12
Q

What muscle is shown?

A

Extensor Hallucis Longus

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13
Q

What muscle is shown?

A

Tibialis Anterior

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14
Q

What are the branches of dorsalis pedis?

A
  • Lateral tarsal artery
  • Deep plantar artery (sole of foot)
  • Arcuate artery
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15
Q

What supplies the green region?

A

Lateral dorsal cutaenous nerve of foot

terminal branch of sural

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16
Q

How many muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg and what are they?

A

4 muscles

  • Tibialis Anterior
  • Extensor Digitorum Longus
  • Extensor Hallucis Longus
  • Peroneus Tertius
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17
Q

What are the functions of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Extends the hallux

Dorsiflexes the ankle

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18
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Peroneus Tertius

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19
Q

What is the large branch of the posterior tibial artery?

A

Gives of the fibular artery which gives of perforating branches to the lateral compartment of the leg

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20
Q

What supplies the light blue region?

A

Lateral sural cutaneous nerve

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21
Q

What are the functions of peroneus tertius?

A

Dorsiflexion of ankle

Assists in the eversion of the foot

22
Q

What are the attachments of Peroneus Brevis?

A

Inferior 2/3 of the lateral Fibula

Inserts into tuberosity on the lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal

23
Q

Describe the route taken by the deep peroneal nerve

A

Branch of the common peroneal nerve between the peroneus longus and neck of the fibula
Passes through extensor digitorum longus and travels with the anterior tibial artery supplying muscles of the anterior compartment
Crosses the ankle joint to supply extensor digitorum and hallucis brevis

24
Q

What are the attachments of peroneus tertius?

A

Inferior 1/3 of the anterior fibula and interosseous membrane

Inserts into the dorsum of the base of the 5th metatarsal

25
Q

What are the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

A

2 muscles

  • Extensor Hallucis Brevis
  • Extensor Digitorum Brevis
26
Q

What are the branches of the popliteal artery?

A

Anterior and Posterior tibial arteries

27
Q

How many muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg and what are they?

A

2 muscles

  • Peroneus/Fibularis Longus
  • Peroneus/Fibularis Brevis
28
Q

Where does the deep peroneal nerve supply cutaenous innervation?

A

To the skin between digits 1 and 2

29
Q

What is the common origin of the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

A

Superior surface of the calcaneus

30
Q

What supplies the yellow region?

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

31
Q

What are the attachments of the inferior extensor retinaculum?

A

Stem is attached to the calcaneus laterally

Upper limb attaches to medial malleolus
Lower limb passes around the medial border of the foot to blend with the dense fascia over the abductor hallucis

32
Q

When reaching the dorsum of the foot, what does the anterior tibial artery become?

A

The dorsalis pedis artery

33
Q

What is the innervation to the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

A

Deep Peroneal Nerve (L5,S1)

34
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Extensor Digitorum Longus

35
Q

What is the role of the interosseous membrane?

A
  • Provides a surface for muscle attachment

- Helps to resist the downward pull of the muscles attached to the fibula

36
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles of the anterior compartment?

A

Deep Peroneal Nerve (L4, L5)

37
Q

What is the role of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Eversion of the foot

38
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

39
Q

Describe the route taken by the superficial peroneal nerve

A

Branch of the common peroneal nerve that runs between the peroneus longus and neck of the fibula

40
Q

What are the attachments of tibialis anterior?

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia, Superior 1/2 of the lateral tibial surface, the interosseous membrane

Inserts into the medial and inferior surfaces of the medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal

41
Q

Where does extensor digitorum brevis insert?

A

Into the long extensor tendons of toes 2-4

42
Q

What are the compartments of the leg?

A

Anterior
Lateral
Posterior (subdivided into superficial and deep)

43
Q

What are the attachments of extensor digitorum longus?

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia, Superior 3/4 of the medial surface of the fibula, Interosseous membrane

Inserts into the middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits

44
Q

What are the articulations of the superior tibiofibular joint?

A

The head of the fibula and facet on the lateral tibial joint

45
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A

Peroneus/ Fibularis Brevis

Superficial Peroneal Nerve (L5,S1,S2)

46
Q

What are the attachments of Peroneus Longus?

A

Head and upper 2/3 of lateral fibula

Inserts into the base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

47
Q

What does the superficial peroneal nerve do?

A

Supplies the lateral compartment of the leg and then continues as a cutaenous nerve
Provides cutaenous innervation to the distal anterior surface of the leg and most of the dorsum of the foot

48
Q

What is the joint classification of the Superior tibiofibular joint?

A

Synovial Plane

49
Q

What are the attachments of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Middle anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane

Inserts into the dorsal aspect of the distal phalanx of the hallux

50
Q

What are the functions of tibialis anterior?

A

Dorsiflexion of ankle

Inversion of foot

51
Q

What supplies the orange region?

A

Anterior cutaenous branches of the femoral

52
Q

What supplies the dark blue wedge shape?

A

Deep peroneal nerve

Gross Anatomy 3 (14 decks)

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