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3a > Peer teaching mock - stuff I didn't know > Flashcards

Peer teaching mock - stuff I didn't know Flashcards

1
Q

HTN in <55 yrs OR T2DM

A

ACEI - ramipril
ACEI + CCB (amlodipine)
ACEI + CCB + Thiazide-like diuretic (Indapamide)

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2
Q

HTN in >55yrs or black African / African-caribbean

A

CCB
CCB + ACEI or ARB (candesartan) or thiazide-like
CCB + ACEI + Thiazide like

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3
Q

when does CGD delay present

A

Slow growth from 3/6 mnths to 2/3 yrs

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4
Q

Puberty in girls

A

BOOBS, PUBES, GROW, FLOW

Breast buds (9-11)
Pubes
Growth
Period

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5
Q

Puberty in boys

A

GRAPES, DRAPES, SPURT, SQUIRT

Balls
Pubes
Growth
Ejaculation

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6
Q

Tanners puberty stages for boys

A
  1. Prepubertal (Increase in GnRH, FHS and LH)
  2. Genital growth (testicles and scrotum, pubes and under arm, growth spirt.
  3. Genital growth, Wet dreams, darkening of hair, more sweating, vocal changes
  4. Penis growth, acne, peak height
  5. Pubic hair growth to thighs and bellybutton
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7
Q

Early puberty in boys

A

<9 : hypothyroid, tumour on adrenal gland, pituitary pathology

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8
Q

Tanners stages for girls

A
  1. Prepubertal
  2. Breast buds, pubic hair, height
  3. Further breast budding, underarm growth and pubic hair continued growth, acne
  4. Protruding nipples
  5. Period
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9
Q

Simple febrile seizure

A
  • Generalised tonic clonic
  • <15 mins
  • Occur ONCE during febrile illness
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10
Q

Complex febrile seizures

A

Partial of focal
>15 mins
MULTIPLE in same febrile illness

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11
Q

Metabolic alkalosis w/ partial compensation

A
  • Raised pH (alkalosis)
  • Raised bicarb (metabolic alkalosis)
  • Elevated CO2 but still raised pH (partial compensation)
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12
Q

UTI management in a man

A
  • Nitrofurantoin : 7 days
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13
Q

UTI management in a female (not pregnant and no haematuria)

A
  • Nitrofurantoin : 3 days
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14
Q

Asymptomatic bacteraemia management in pregnant women.

A
  1. Nitrofuratoin (avoid at term)
  2. Amoxacillin (if culture results available(
  3. Cefalexin
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15
Q

Folic acid in pregnancy

A
  • If on anti-epileptics, coeliac disease, BMI >30 or neural tube defect risk = 5mg UNTIL 12 wks
  • None of the above : 400 micrograms until 12 wks
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16
Q

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension mx

A
  1. weight loss
  2. Diuretics (acetazolamide)
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17
Q

Idiopathic intracranial HTN RF and presentation

A
  • RF : obesity, female, pregnancy and drugs (COCP, steroids tetracyclines, vit A and lithium)
  • Presentation : headache, blurred vision, papilloedema, enlarged blind spot and sixth nerve palsy
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18
Q

Method for working out percentage risk of being a carrier

A
  • If the PT DOES not have the disease and the disease is autosommal recessive
  • DISCOUNT THE NON DISEASE THIRD = 67% chance
19
Q

Pt in community, presenting with psychotic sx + no previous history. Not resistant. What section

20
Q

Pt 65 or older OR with previous fragility fracture starting on long term steroids

A

Alendronate without DEXA

21
Q

Pt under 65 starting on long term steroids

A

DEXA :
0 to -1.5 = repeat in 1-3 yrs
less than -1.5 = alendronate

22
Q

pt 75 or older with fragility fracture

A

presumed osteoporosis with treatment without DEXA

23
Q

pt under 75 with fragility fracture

24
Q

pt under 75 with fragility fracture

25
Q

Wenicke’s and korsakoff’s

A
  1. Severe thiamine (B1) deficiency (usually alcoholics)
  2. Wernicke’s : ataxia, opthalmaplegia and nystagmus
  3. Korsakoff’s : confabulation and amnesia (anterograde and retrograde)
26
Q

Delerium management

A
  1. Verbal de-escalation techniques !!!!!
  2. Non verbal de-escalation techniques
  3. Haloperidol 0.5-1mg PO/IM (unless LBD or PD = lorazepam 0.1-1mg PO/IM)
27
Q

Bradford-hill criteria for causality

A

S : strength of association
T : temporality (exposure before outcome)
D : dose response
S : specificity
R : reversibility (removal of cause, decreases effect)
C : consistency
C : coherence
R
A : analogy
P : plausibility (biological)

28
Q

Green nipple discharge

A

Duct ectasia

29
Q

1st step management of cord prolapse

A

all 4’s position

30
Q

elderly, fall, not found for hours, dark brown urine, reduced skin tugor and dry mucous membranes

A

Rhabdomyolysis : AKI (raised creatinine) + elevated CK

31
Q

GAD management if sertraline doesn’t work

A
  • Offer alternative SSRI or SNRI
32
Q

Pregnant woman + doubt of whether she’s ever had chickenpox

A

CHECK varicella IgG

33
Q

Pregnant woman <20wks and NEVER had chickenpox

A

VZIG - varicella zoster immunoglobulin ASAP

34
Q

Pregnancy woman >20 wks and NEVER had chicken pox

A

VZIG or aciclovir 7-14 days after exposure

35
Q

Pregnant, chickenpox exposure + rash + >20 wks

A

Oral aciclovir

36
Q

Disadvantage of RCT

A

Unethical to withhold Tx you deem to be effects

37
Q

T2DM diagnosis !

A
  • Symptoms + fasting >=7.0 and random >=11.1
  • Asymptomatic : need above levels of 2 different occassions
38
Q

Impaire fasting glucose

A

> =6.1 but less than 7.0

39
Q

Impaired glucose tolerance

A
  • Fasting of less than 7.0 but OGTT value >=7.8 but less than 11.1
40
Q

pt presents to A&E, psychotic and KNOWN to mental health services

A

Section 3
A&E still counts as community and so 5s wouldn’t be used

41
Q

Status epilepticus management in hospital

A
  1. 4mg IV lorazepam
  2. After 10 mins = another 4mg IV lorazepam
  3. Phenytoin, SV, levetiracetam
  4. Phenobarbital or GA
42
Q

Status epilepticus community

A
  1. Buccal midazolam or rectal diazepam
  2. Call 999
43
Q

Diagnostic Ix for heart failure

A
  • Echo
  • 1st line : BNP
44
Q

Management of worms

A

Household mebendazole

3a (45 decks)

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