Key risk factors

Question 1

Give 5 risk factors for gestation al diabetes

Answer 1

-> Previous gestational DM
-> Previous macrosomic baby (>4.5kg)
-> BMI > 30
-> Fx of diabetes
-> Ethnic origin

Question 2

6 RF for ectopic pregnancy

Answer 2

-> PID (e.g. chlamydia) causing damage to tubes
-> Previous ectopic
-> Endometriosis
-> IUD
-> POP
-> IVF

Question 3

What are the RF for VTE in pregnancy

Answer 3

Smoking
Parity ≥ 3
Age > 35 years
BMI > 30
Reduced mobility
Multiple pregnancy
Pre-eclampsia
Gross varicose veins
Immobility
Family history of VTE
Thrombophilia
IVF pregnancy

Question 4

RF for placenta praevia

Answer 4

• Previous caesarean sections
• Previous placenta praevia
• Older maternal age
• Maternal smoking
• Structural uterine abnormalities (e.g. fibroids)
• Assisted reproduction (e.g. IVF)
• Multiple pregnancies
• Previous CS

Question 5

Risk factors for vasa praevia

Answer 5

Low lying placenta
IVF pregnancy
Multiple pregnancy

Question 6

Causes of increased risk of stillbirth

Answer 6

Fetal growth restriction
Smoking
Alcohol
Increased maternal age
Maternal obesity
Twins
Sleeping on the back (as opposed to either side)

Question 7

RF for umblical cord prolapse

Answer 7

prematurity
multiparity
polyhydramnios
twin pregnancy
cephalopelvic disproportion
abnormal presentations e.g. Breech, transverse lie

Question 8

FR for fibroids

Answer 8

• Obesity
• Early menarche
• Age 30-40
• Black ethnicity
• FHx

Question 9

RF for hyperemesis gravidarum

Answer 9

• Twins (multiple pregnancies)
• Trophoblastic disease
• HyPERthyroidism
• Nulliparity
• Obesity

-Smoking decreases the risk

Question 10

Give 3 high risk factors for pre-eclampsia

Answer 10

• Existing HTN
• Previous gestational HTN/pre-eclampsia
• Existing condition (SLE, DM, CKD)

Question 11

Give 5 moderate RF for pre-eclampsia

Answer 11

• > 40yrs
• BMI > 35
• > 10 yrs since last pregnancy
• 1st or multiple pregnancies
• Fx of pre eclampsia

Question 12

give 4 RF for obstetric cholestasis

Answer 12

• Hep C
• Multiple pregnancies
• Previous obstetric cholestasis
• Gallstones

Question 13

give 4 RF for placenta accreta

Answer 13

• Previous uterine surgery
• IVF
• Increased maternal age
• Previous CS

Question 14

Give 8 indications for IOL

Answer 14

• Post matuirty (T+10)
• Pre-eclampsia
• DM mother >38 wks
• Growth restriction
• Reduced fetal movements
• PPROM
• Obstetric cholestasis at 37 wks
• IUFD