Peds Wk 1 Flashcards
Toxoplasmosis Triad
Chorioretinitis
Hydrocephalus
Intracranial calcifications
Rubella causes
Ears, eyes, heart issues.
Growth retardation
Petechiae and purpura (blueberry muffin lesions)
Congenital CMV
Most common congenital infxn
Leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss
CMV retinitis
Congenital HSV manifestations
Sepsis Liver Lungs Seizures Encephelopathy
Maternal Medications
ACE, ARB Anticonvulsant Antineoplastics Thalidomide, retinoic acid Lithium Tetracycline, sulfas
S/S of FAS
Low Nasal bridge Short nose Small eye opening Small head circumference Thin upper lip Hockey stick palm crease Low IQ, SGA
High-altitude is a risk factor for?
PDA
Trisomy 13
Most die of heart failure or infxn in infancy.
Deletion 22q11 syndrome
Most have congenital heart dz and cleft palate.
Affects all body systems
Learning difficulties are common
Turner Syndrome
XO Rare female dz Renal abnormalities Heart defect Thyroiditis
Turner syndrome dysmorphic features
Low posterior hairline Short stature Gonadal dysgenesis Lymphedema Webbing of neck
Kleinfelter Syndrome
XXY Hypogonadism in men Tall, wide arm span Female habitus Behavioral problems Gynecomastia
Fragile X
Males and females
Mental retardation
Large ears, testicles
Autistic like behavior
Marfans Tx
Beta blockers
Lorsartan?
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Most common amino acid metabolism disorder.
Hypopigmentations
Neuro abnormalities
Severe mental retardation
PKU affects conversion of what to what?
Phenylalinine to tyrosine
PKU diet
Basically vegan
Avoid aspirtame
Galactosemia
Autosomal recessive
Brain damage, cataracts, jaundice, hepatomegaly, kidney damage.
Eliminate galactose from diet
Two types of neural tube defects
Ancephaly
Spina bifida
Use folic acid supplementation
Cleft palate is associated with?
Other congenital abnormalities
Cerebral Palsy
Caused by static encephelopathy
Brain injury before, during or after birth.
CP features
Muscle spasticity Dyskinesia Ataxia Epilepsy Retardation Strabismus Hip dislocation
How does weight change from birth weight in one year?
It triples
Bilious vomiting
Partial or complete bowel obstruction.
Vomit has bile (green)
Non-bilious vomiting
Generally indicates food intolerance, GERD
Newborn with persistent emesis?
Intestinal atresias
Toddler with emesis?
Intussesception
When does pyloric stenosis presents at what age?
3-6 weeks
Meckels diverticulum
Congenital diverticular growth
results in rectal bleeding, obstruction
Intussusception
Telescoping of intestine into itself.
Nausea, (bilious) vomiting, bleeding, obstruction
What is heard with a PDA?
Continuous machine like murmur.
WIdened pulse pressure
Amblyopia
Uni or bilateral reduction in central visual acuity without lesion.
Can only occur during first decade of life.
Amblyopia diagnosis
FIxation test
Indirect Cover test
Stabismus
MIsalignment of the visual axis of the 2 eyes.
Esotropia
Inward turning of the eye
Exotropia
Outward turning of the eye
When do night terrors occur?
In 4-12 year olds in the first third of sleep.
