Peds - Rd 2 Flashcards by Alex Hamidi

DDH what imaging should you do if < 4 months old?

> 4 months?

Xray

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What presents in a child w/lytic bone lesion, eczematous rash, nocturia and hypernatremia?

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Presents w/central Diabetes Insipidus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Newborn boy w/prenatal US showing bladder distention, b/L hydroureters, b/L Hydronephrosis and oligohydramnios, what is Dx?

Posterior urethral valves

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is an AD disorder that shows muscle weakness, atrophy (MC in distal muscles of UE and LE), myotonia, testicular atrophy, BALDNESS?

Myotonic congenital myopathy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What disease involves degeneration of AH cells and CN motor nuclei? Causes floppy baby?

Inheritance?

Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What presents in infant that is normal at birth but then shows apathy, weakness, hypotonia, large tongue, sluggish movement, ABD bloating, umbilical hernia?

Congenital hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cyanotic infant w/EKG showing LAD, small R waves in precordial leads and CXR w/decreased pulmonary vascular markings and normal sized heart has what?

TV atresia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is strongly associated w/Down syndrome and CXR shows inc pulmonary markings and cardiomegaly?

Complete AV canal defect

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment for hereditary spherocytosis?

Folic acid
Blood transfusion
Splenectomy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a self-limited, focal weakness that occurs after a focal or generalized seizure?

Todd paralysis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What presents w/hyperpigmentation on the trunk, neck, cafe-au-last spots, short stature, hypogonadism w/anemia that manifests bw ages 4-12?

Fanconi anemia

Pancyotpenia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What presents w/in the first 3 months of life w/pallor and poor feeding and CBC shows normocytic or macrocytic anemia w/reticulocytopenia?

Diamond-Blackfinn anemia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pt w/measles may have what vitamin deficiency?

Disease spread how?

Vitamin A

Airborne droplets

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hyper-IgM syndrome is d/t defect in what?

CD40L

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Kawasaki disease requires fever > 5 days + 4 of 5 of what?

Conjuctivitis (b/L)
Strawberry tongue
Cervical LAD
Rash
Erythema or Edema of hands/feet

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

CENTOR Criteria is used for whom?

Why?

Adults, can get empiric Abx if they meet criteria

Not reliable for pre-adolescents
Get a rapid strep for these kids 1st

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Well-appearing neonate has painless bloody stools and regurgitates lots of breast milk w/every feed, what is the cause?

Milk or soy protein induced enterocolitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Polyhydramnios causes what?

Duodenal atresia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cyclic vomiting syndrome pts often have what in FHx?

FHx of migraines

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur over the left upper sternal border?

Stenotic PA

Seen w/ToF

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What seals the diagnosis of Iron poisoning in a kid?

Radio-opacities in the stomach and duodenum on CXR

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pt that has triphalangeal thumbs and macrocytic anemia within 1st year of life has what?

Diamond black Finn anemia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pt w/serum capillary blood showing lead level > 5, what is next step?

Treatment?

Measure venous lead level

Chelation for lead > 45, treat w/Dimercaptosuccinic acid (succimer)
Dimercaprol and EDTA used for lead levels > 70

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What causes ASD?

Endocardial cushion defect

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Newborn w/FTT, b/L cataracts, jaundice and hypoglycemia has what? What Path?

Classic galactosemia G1PUT def

What is a congenital dermal melanocytosis?

Mongolian spot

What is Nevus flammeus?

Port wine stain

What is the #1 RF for RDS? What else?

Prematurity Maternal Diabetes, c-section, perinatal asphyxia

Corrected retic count = ?

% reticulocytes x (Hct / 45%)

What is the MC finding in Henoch-Schonlein purpura?

Hematuria

What is the MC complications of Henoch SP?

Intussusception d/t intestinal edema and bleeding

What is premature adrenarche? Will see what?

Early activation of adrenal androgens Will see pubic hair and obesity

What presents w/peripheral precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, and fibrous dysplasia

McCune-Albright Syndrome

What is the 1st step in w/u of primary amenorrhea?

Pelvic US —> look for a uterus

FSH:LH ratio of 2:1 with primary amenorrhea indicates what?

Turner syndrome

Reye Syndrome has what liver changes? What lab values

Microvesicular fatty infiltration Inc AST/ALT, Ammonia level

What lab values are seen in juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

``` Anemia Thrombocytosis HyperGammaglobulins Hyperferritin Inc ESR/CRP ```

What causes transient tachypnea of the newborn?

Delayed resorption and clearance of alveolar fluid

Membranous nephropathy, although less common in children, is associated with what?

HepB infection

What is seen in HUS?

Anemia: schistocytes and inc bili Thrombocytopenia AKI - inc BUN/Cr

15 day old presents w/bilious emesis, Xray shows gasless ABD, what is next best step? What is Dx?

upper GI series, volvulus Contrast enema would be for hirschsprung or meconium ileus and would present w/in 1st 2 days of life w/dilated loops of bowel

What is the MC predisposing factor for orbital cellulitis?

Bacterial sinusitis

What is the major SE of Hydroxyurea?

Myelosuppression

What causes jejunal atresia? Presents how? ABD xray shows what?

Cocaine use Bilious vomiting and ABD distention Triple bubble

How does pityriasis rosea present?

Solitary herald patch after viral prodrome, then Xmas tree pattern

What are some catalase + organisms?

S aureus, Serratia, Burkholderia, Aspergillus

What disease is partial albinism, recurrent cutaneous infections and is AR?

Chediak-Higashi

Pt w/small red bumps on arm that are painful as they fill with yellow fluid and some lesions filled w/thick golden-yellow crust what is it? Treat how?

Non-bulbous impetigo Topical Abx: mupirocin If widespread use cephalexin, clinda, dicloxacillin

Intellectual disability, seizures, visual impairment d/t capillary-venous malformations and CN 5 involvement is what?

Sturge-Weber

Mother that gives her baby topical/local anesthetics for teething and baby turns blue, what is going on? Treat how?

Methemoglobinemia methylene blue

What are the main CF of autism spectrum disorder?

Impaired social interaction Restricted interests Insistence on routine

Pt w/gross hematuria and UA that shows Many rbc’s/hpf w/out dysmorphic rbcs or proteinuria points to what diagnosis?

Renal papillary necrosis —> AA w/SS trait

How do you treat Chlamydial conjuctivitis in a 5-14 day old baby?

PO macrolide (erythromycin)

What is Von Gierke disease (type 1)?

G6PD def, cannot do: glycogen —> glucose

What causes serum sickness after 1-2 weeks post exposure?

B-lactams and sulfa drugs

Pt that has meconium ileus, how do you treat?

Contrast enema

What are the effects of diabetes on a baby in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters? After delivery, MC complication?

Organometallic, macrosomia, polycythemia Hypoglycemia

What kind of rash starts on the face and spreads down in a cephalocaudal and centrifugal pattern?

Robeola - measles

Male pt has coarse, thick pubic hair, cystic acne, accelerated growth and bone age with low/normal LH levels has what?

Nonclassical CAH

How do you manage pts w/CVID? What are the symptoms?

IVIG Infections from encapsulated bacteria, Giardia, enterovirus, FTT

How can you tell if a child has ALL based on PBS?

PAS+ material TdT positive Can have 20% blasts on PBS just like AML

What are single, round, blue inclusions on Wright stain? When are they present?

Howell-Jolly bodies When the spleen has been removed

CD3 is found on what?

T cell

What presents w/fever and parotitis in an unvaccinated child? MC complications?

Mumps Aseptic meningitis and orchitis

Cat bites cause deep puncture wounds, what should be 1st line for antibiotic prophylaxis? Against what organism?

Augmentin Pasteurella

Male pt w/recurrent sinopulmonoary and GI infections w/absence of lymphoid tissues manifesting as small/absent tonsils has what?

X-linked agammaglobulinemia aka abnormal B lymphocyte maturation

What is a Mongolian spot called in dr terms?

Congenital dermal melanocytosis

Child with granulation tissue and skin debris in the ear w/new onset hearing loss has what?

Cholesteatoma

3 week old baby that was born prematurely that had enteral feeding, is now having bilious vomiting and lethargy, what is going on?

NEC

Congenital hypothyroidism is d/t what?

Thyroid dysgenesis

What complication can Mono cause?

Acute airway obstruction

Coin stuck in the esophagus, what is Treatment?

Flexible endoscopy