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UWorld Step 2 > OBGyn > Flashcards

OBGyn Flashcards

1
Q

What is a proliferation of smooth muscle cells w/in the myometrium?

A

Fibroids

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2
Q

What causes HELLP?

A

Systemic inflammation and platelet consumption

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3
Q

How do you treat condyloma acuminatum?

A

Trichloroacetic acid

Podophyllin resin

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4
Q

Primary ovarian insufficiency is a form of what?

GnRH level?

FSH?

Estrogen?

A

Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism

INC

INC

DEC

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5
Q

What is a possible SE of an epidural?

What?

A

HoTN

Vasodilation and venous pooling

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6
Q

How do you maintain uterine quiescence?

A

Give progesterone

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7
Q

What vaccines are ok in pregnancy?

A

Tdap
Influenza
RhoD Ig

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8
Q

1st step in placental abruption is what?

Then?

A

IVF

Lateral decubitus position

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9
Q

What is the 1st step in shoulder dystocia?

Movement?

A

McRoberts maneuver

Flex hips against ABD, apply suprapubic pressure

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10
Q

Pharyngitis w/lower ABD pain in sexually active young female points to what?

A

PID - gonoccoal pharyngitis

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11
Q

What are some modifiable RF for breast cancer?

A

Alcohol consumption
HRT
Nullparity

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12
Q

Breast Yes
Uterus Normal
Axillary hair Normal
Karyotype 46 XX

Diagnosis?

A

Transverse vaginal septum

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13
Q

Pt w/Fever, lower ABD tenderness, intermenstrual spotting and mucopurulent cervical discharge has what?

A

PID

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14
Q

HELLP can cause what symptom which manifests w/respiratory symptoms and pitting edema in LE?

A

Pulmonary edema

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15
Q

What is the MC SE of OCPs?

A

Breakthrough bleeding

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16
Q

What presents w/a painful/tender goiter after uri?

A

Subacute thyroiditis (de Quervain)

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17
Q

Normal internal genitalia, external virilization, and undetectable estrogen levels indicates what?

A

Aromatase deficiency

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18
Q

Multilocular, b/l, 10-15 cm ovaries is most likely what?

Management?

A

The a lutein cysts

Follow b-hCG

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19
Q

Where are bartholin glands located?

MC in whom?

Describe how?

A

4 and 8 o’clock

< 30

Mobile, soft, well-circumscribed, behind labium majora

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20
Q

Ectopic pregnancy and unstable pt requires what?

A

Surgical exploration

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21
Q

ABD pain + secondary amenorrhea + cervical motion tenderness = ?

A

Ectopic pregnancy

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22
Q

What is the only indication for HRT in women?

A

Hot flashes aka vasomotor sx

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23
Q

What feature is pathognomonic for uterine rupture?

A

Loss of fetal station

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24
Q

What is Erb-Duchenne palsy?

A

C5, C6

“Waiter’s tip”

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25
Q

Women under 25 y/o must be screened for what else in addition to their pap?

A

GC

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26
Q

Pt w/hyperemesis gravidarum what should you look for?

A

Ketones in the urine and other electrolyte disturbances

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27
Q

Pt w/palpable breast mass over 30 years old 1 step?

Next?

A

Mammogram

Core biopsy

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28
Q

Mammography shows spicules but biopsy shows foamy macrophages and fat globules - diagnosis?

A

Fat necrosis

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29
Q

Pt w/HTN, proteinuria, RBC casts, joint pain and edema most likely has what?

A

SLE flare

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30
Q

Most newborns affected by ABO incompatibility will have what?

A

Mild disease - physiologic jaundice

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31
Q

GDM fasting should be less than what?

1 hour postprandial?

2 hour?

A

< 95

< 140

< 120

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32
Q

Hyperechoic nodules and calcifications adnexal mass = ?

A

Cystic teratoma

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33
Q

What defines IUFD?

When do you do a vaginal delivery?

A

< 20 weeks

24 weeks and after

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34
Q

What are some contraindications to breast feeding?

A

Active Tb, HIV, varicella
Herpetic breast lesions
Chemo/radiation
Active substance abuse

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35
Q

Vaginismus is also called what?

CF?

Tx?

A

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

Pain w/vaginal penetration, distress/anxiety over sx

Desensitization therapy

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36
Q

Secondary amenorrhea due to hypothalamic amenorrhea presents how in athletes?

A

Amenorrhea
Osteoporosis
eating disorder

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37
Q

What has the morphology of a homogenous cystic appearance on US?

A

Endometrioma

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38
Q

How does imperforate hymen present?

A

Hematocolpos, blue bulging vaginal mass w/increased intra-ABD pressure

39
Q 
Fetal HR > 160
Maternal fever
Tachycardia
PROM
Diagnosis?
A

Intrauterine-amniotic infection

40
Q

IUFD associated w/growth restriction, multiple limb fractures and a hypoplastic thoracic cavity is consistent w/what?

A

OI Type II (AD)

41
Q

What is a RF for magnesium toxicity?

Symptoms?

A

Renal insufficiency

Areflexia, hypocalcemia, respiratory paralysis

42
Q

What is the major SE of OCP?

A

HTN

43
Q

What is Klumbpke palsy?

A

C8, T1

Claw hand, Horner syndrome

44
Q

Who needs to get an endometrial biopsy?

What excluded endometrial cancer in post-menopausal women w/AUB?

A

> 45 or less than 45 if obese

Endometrial stripe < 4mm

45
Q

When there is an obvious non-viable pregnancy do what?

A

Allow for spontaneous vaginal delivery

46
Q

Levonorgestrel IUD contraindicated in what pts?

A

Breast cancer pt

47
Q

Placenta previa pt: manage how?

A

C-section

48
Q

Seizures can cause violent muscle contractions and what dislocation?

Physical presentation?

A

Posterior

ADDuction and INTERNAL rotation

49
Q

What are the consequences of pre-E on mom?

A

Placental abruption
DIC
Eclampsia

50
Q

Difficulty ambulating, radiating suprapubic pain, tenderness over pubic symphysis = ?

A

Pubic symphysis diastasis

51
Q

What medication is best to treat Pre-E?

A

IV hydralazine

52
Q

SERMs should not be given to whom?

A

Pt w/PMHx of VTE

53
Q

What defines fetal tachysystole?

A

HR > 160

54
Q

Intermenstrual spotting w/out uterine enlargement most likely what?

A

Endometrial polyps

55
Q

Neonatal thyrotoxicosis is due to what?

A

Transplacental passage of maternal anti-TSH Abs

56
Q

What is the treatment for engorgement of breasts?

A

NSAIDs

57
Q

Breast Yes
Uterus No
Axillary hair NO
Karyotype 46 XY

Diagnosis?

A

AIS

58
Q

Menopausal genitourinary syndrome is also called what?

A

Vulvovaginal atrophy

59
Q

What is the best predictor of preterm labor???

Biggest RF?

A

Cervical length (measure w/TV US)

PMHx of preterm delivery

60
Q

What are the risks when using combined OCPs?

A

HTN
VTE
Hepatic adenoma
Rare - stroke/MI

61
Q

Pts under 18 can be treated for what conditions w/out parental consent?

A

STI
Emergency care
Contraception

62
Q

Breast Yes
Uterus No
Axillary hair Normal
Karyotype 46 XX

Diagnosis?

A

Mullerian Agenesis (MRKH)

63
Q

What is the progression of HSV if left untreated?

Why?

A

Resolution then decreasingly frequent recurrences

Cell-mediated immunity improves

64
Q

Pregnant pt w/ Intermittent vaginal leakage or vaginal wetness most likely what?

A

Spontaneous ROM and stress urinary incontinence

65
Q

When is vaginal delivery contraindicated?

Why?

Treatment?

A

Classic (vertical) c section
Myomectomy

Risk of uterine rupture

Laparotomy and deliver

66
Q

What causes an irregular contour of the uterus that may be palpable as a globular mass?

A

Fibroids

67
Q

What presents w/fever, ABD pain, complex multiloculated adnexal mass w/thick walls and internal debris on US?

A

Tubo ovarian abscess

68
Q

Postop/postpartum pt w/infected thrombosis of the deep pelvic and ovarian veins has what?

What gives it away?

A

Septic thrombophlebitis

PERSISTENT fever unresponsive to Abx

69
Q

Main SE of oxytocin toxicity?

A

HoTN
Honatremia
Tachysystole

70
Q

Biggest RF in ASx bacteruria in pregnant pt?

What else

A

Pyelonephritis

Preterm labor, low birth weight

71
Q

If baby is dead in utero or still birth, what is best test to find out why?

A

Karyotype

72
Q

What can placental abruption cause?

A

DIC

Hypovolemic shock

73
Q

Simple cyst ID’ed on US, next step?

Complex cyst?

A

FNA

Image-guided core biopsy

74
Q

What is the biggest RF for osteoporosis in older women?

A

PMHx of previous fracture

75
Q

Dilated cervical OS
Bleeding
POC felt around OS
Status?

A

Inevitable abortion

76
Q

Stress urinary incontinence 1st line tx?

Next?

A

Kegel exercises

Pelvis sling surgery

77
Q

PMS/PMDD pts should do what to establish a diagnosis?

Tx?

A

Menstrual diary

SSRI, OCPs (CI in migraine pt)

78
Q

What are the consequences of pre-E on baby?

A

Chronic UP insufficiency
FGR/low birth weight
Oligohydramnios

79
Q

Pt with mastitis, treatment?

A

Continue breastfeeding and give Abx

80
Q

What can cause stretching of Gisson’s capsule?

Causes what symptoms??

A

HELLP

GERD and ABD pain

81
Q

What is described by multiple, diffuse nodulocystic masses w/cyclic premenstrual tenderness?

MC in whom?

A

Fibrocystic changes

> 30, but PRE-menopause

82
Q

Woman w/fever, HoTN, diffuse macular rash on palms and soles w/vomiting and diarrhea has what?

Due to what?

A

TSS

S aureus

83
Q

AUB is the MC presenting CF of what?

A

Endometrial hyperplasia and CANCER

84
Q

How does the levonorgestrel IUD work?

SE?

A

Thickens cervical mucus

Amenorrhea, mood changes

85
Q

Vaginal bleeding, lower ABD pain and adnexal tenderness = ?

Manage how?

A

Ectopic pregnancy

TV US and UPT

86
Q

What is premature placental separation called?

A

Placental abruption

87
Q

Preterm labor < 32 weeks should give what?

A

Betamethasone
Indomethacin
Nifedipine
Mag sulfate

88
Q

Pt that has history of many miscarriages and abortions most likely has what?

What complication?

A

Anti-phospholipid syndrome

VTE/Hypercoaguability

89
Q

Secondary amenorrhea workup includes what?

A

UPT

TSH, PRL, FSH

90
Q

Describe the following in pregnancy:

Total T4?
Free T4?
TSH?

A

Increased
same
Decreased

91
Q

A bulging bag at the cervical os indicates what?

A

Uterine rupture

92
Q

What is a firm, round, mobile mass that is well circumscribed?

MC seen in whom?

A

Fibroademona

Woman < 30

93
Q

What is the biggest RF for breast cancer?

A

Chronological age

94
Q

Vaginal pruritis, dysuria, polyurethane but negative UA indicates what?

A

Vaginal atrophy

UWorld Step 2 (17 decks)

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