IM Endo - Rd 2 Flashcards
Central AI presents with what values of:
ACTH?
aldosterone?
Cortisol?
Cause?
Dec
NORMAL
Dec
Suppression of HPA axis
What is the relationship bw DHEA(S) and testosterone?
DHEA(S) —> Testosterone
Pt w/elevated TSH and normal T3/T4 with NO symptoms may have what?
What antibody?
What possible symptoms?
Hashimoto’s
Antithyroid peroxidase
Miscarriage
What is the major lab finding in VIPoma?
These tumors occur where?
Hypokalemia
Pancreatic tail
Young woman presents w/foul-smelling diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue, what does she have?
How does this effect Ca?
PO4?
PTH?
Steatorrhea and malabsorption
Dec Ca
Dec PO4 - Vit D mediates intestinal absorption and steatorrhea means no Vit D
Inc PTH
Pt w/myalgia, prox muscle weakness, and elevated CK w/fatigue and delayed reflexes has what?
Hypothyroid myopathy
How does central hyperthyroidism present?
Associated w/what?
Elevated TSH and elevated T3/T4
Tumor mass effects —> HA, visual sx, impaired production of pituitary hormones
What is the most beneficial therapy to reduce progression of diabetic nephropathy?
What it is the target?
Strict BP control
< 130/80
This is for pts that show signs of nephropathy, if no signs then 140/90
Metabolic syndrome is Dx when 3 of 5 criteria are met, what are they?
1) ABD obesity (M > 40’’, W > 35’’)
2) Fasting BG > 100-110
3) BP > 130/80
4) TGs > 150
5) HDL (M < 40, W < 50)
Carcinoid Syndrome can cause what Vitamin deficiency?
Niacin
Pt that presents w/weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, lid retraction, systolic HTN and increased pulse pressure has what?
Mechanism?
Thyrotoxicosis
Inc myocardial contractility and inc myocardial O2 demand
Where is DHEAS produced?
Pt w/rapidly progressive hirsutism w/virilization suggests what?
Adrenals predominately
Androgen-producing neoplasm
Pt that has normal T4 and TSH w/low T3 has what?
Euthyroid sick syndrome
What diabetic drug has a SE of weight loss?
GLP-1 agonist (TIDE’s)
Conn’s Syndrome presents w/what 3 lab values?
Hypernatremia
Hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis (High Bicarbonate level)
What 3 ways are the 1st way to Dx Cushing’s?
24-hour urinary cortisol
Late-night salivary cortisol assay
Low dose dexamethasone suppression
G6PD is d/t what mechanism leading to hemolysis?
Oxidative stresses
+ symptoms of diabetic neuropathy means what?
Caused by what?
Pain, parenthesis, allodynia
Small fiber injury
Polymyositis has what lab values?
Elevated ESR and elevated CK
Symptoms of milk-alkali syndrome?
What drugs inc risk?
ABD pain, constipation, polydipsia
Thiazides, ACE-i, NSAIDs
How are the following effected in primary A.I.?
ACTH?
Aldosterone?
Cortisol?
Inc
Dec
Dec
Pt that is taking exogenous thyroid hormone, what lab value will they have?
Low serum thyroglobulin level
What electrolyte abnormality can cause hypocalcemia?
Common in whom?
Hypomagnesemia
Alcoholics
What causes osteomalacia?
MC d/t what pathology>
Defective mineralization of the organic bone matrix
Severe Vit D deficiency
Describe LH and FSH in PCOS?
Progesterone?
LH:FSH ratio is > 2:1
Decreased
Hypothyroidism can cause elevated TSH, what other pituitary thing can this cause/activate?
What else?
SIADH —> hyponatremia
Hyperlipidemia
ESR/CK of glucocorticoid induced myopathy?
Of PMR?
Normal/normal
Inc/Normal
Pt w/weight loss, tachycardia, anxiety, irritability and proximal muscle weakness has what?
Chronic hyperthyroid myopathy
Respiratory alkalosis causes dissociation of H+ ions in setting of PE from what?
Will cause what?
Why?
Albumin
Hypocalcemia
More - charges free, Ca will bind
What presents w/acute thyrotoxicosis w/mild thyroid enlargement, suppressed TSH and DECREASED RAIU scan?
Painless thyroiditis
ESR/CK of inflammatory myopathies?
Of hypothyroid myopathy?
Inc/Inc
Normal/Inc
Diabetics w/sensorimotor polyneuropathy is d/t what pathology?
Large fiber axonopathy (charac. By negative symptoms)
