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UWorld Step 2 > IM Endo - Rd 2 > Flashcards

IM Endo - Rd 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Central AI presents with what values of:
ACTH?
aldosterone?
Cortisol?

Cause?

A

Dec
NORMAL
Dec

Suppression of HPA axis

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2
Q

What is the relationship bw DHEA(S) and testosterone?

A

DHEA(S) —> Testosterone

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3
Q

Pt w/elevated TSH and normal T3/T4 with NO symptoms may have what?

What antibody?

What possible symptoms?

A

Hashimoto’s

Antithyroid peroxidase

Miscarriage

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4
Q

What is the major lab finding in VIPoma?

These tumors occur where?

A

Hypokalemia

Pancreatic tail

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5
Q

Young woman presents w/foul-smelling diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue, what does she have?

How does this effect Ca?
PO4?
PTH?

A

Steatorrhea and malabsorption

Dec Ca
Dec PO4 - Vit D mediates intestinal absorption and steatorrhea means no Vit D
Inc PTH

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7
Q

Pt w/myalgia, prox muscle weakness, and elevated CK w/fatigue and delayed reflexes has what?

A

Hypothyroid myopathy

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8
Q

How does central hyperthyroidism present?

Associated w/what?

A

Elevated TSH and elevated T3/T4

Tumor mass effects —> HA, visual sx, impaired production of pituitary hormones

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9
Q

What is the most beneficial therapy to reduce progression of diabetic nephropathy?

What it is the target?

A

Strict BP control

< 130/80
This is for pts that show signs of nephropathy, if no signs then 140/90

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9
Q

Metabolic syndrome is Dx when 3 of 5 criteria are met, what are they?

A

1) ABD obesity (M > 40’’, W > 35’’)
2) Fasting BG > 100-110
3) BP > 130/80
4) TGs > 150
5) HDL (M < 40, W < 50)

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10
Q

Carcinoid Syndrome can cause what Vitamin deficiency?

A

Niacin

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12
Q

Pt that presents w/weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, lid retraction, systolic HTN and increased pulse pressure has what?

Mechanism?

A

Thyrotoxicosis

Inc myocardial contractility and inc myocardial O2 demand

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13
Q

Where is DHEAS produced?

Pt w/rapidly progressive hirsutism w/virilization suggests what?

A

Adrenals predominately

Androgen-producing neoplasm

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13
Q

Pt that has normal T4 and TSH w/low T3 has what?

A

Euthyroid sick syndrome

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14
Q

What diabetic drug has a SE of weight loss?

A

GLP-1 agonist (TIDE’s)

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15
Q

Conn’s Syndrome presents w/what 3 lab values?

A

Hypernatremia
Hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis (High Bicarbonate level)

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16
Q

What 3 ways are the 1st way to Dx Cushing’s?

A

24-hour urinary cortisol
Late-night salivary cortisol assay
Low dose dexamethasone suppression

17
Q

G6PD is d/t what mechanism leading to hemolysis?

A

Oxidative stresses

18
Q

+ symptoms of diabetic neuropathy means what?

Caused by what?

A

Pain, parenthesis, allodynia

Small fiber injury

19
Q

Polymyositis has what lab values?

A

Elevated ESR and elevated CK

19
Q

Symptoms of milk-alkali syndrome?

What drugs inc risk?

A

ABD pain, constipation, polydipsia

Thiazides, ACE-i, NSAIDs

20
Q

How are the following effected in primary A.I.?
ACTH?
Aldosterone?
Cortisol?

A

Inc
Dec
Dec

21
Q

Pt that is taking exogenous thyroid hormone, what lab value will they have?

A

Low serum thyroglobulin level

21
Q

What electrolyte abnormality can cause hypocalcemia?

Common in whom?

A

Hypomagnesemia

Alcoholics

22
Q

What causes osteomalacia?

MC d/t what pathology>

A

Defective mineralization of the organic bone matrix

Severe Vit D deficiency

23
Q

Describe LH and FSH in PCOS?

Progesterone?

A

LH:FSH ratio is > 2:1

Decreased

24
Q

Hypothyroidism can cause elevated TSH, what other pituitary thing can this cause/activate?

What else?

A

SIADH —> hyponatremia

Hyperlipidemia

25
Q

ESR/CK of glucocorticoid induced myopathy?

Of PMR?

A

Normal/normal

Inc/Normal

26
Q

Pt w/weight loss, tachycardia, anxiety, irritability and proximal muscle weakness has what?

A

Chronic hyperthyroid myopathy

28
Q

Respiratory alkalosis causes dissociation of H+ ions in setting of PE from what?

Will cause what?
Why?

A

Albumin

Hypocalcemia
More - charges free, Ca will bind

29
Q

What presents w/acute thyrotoxicosis w/mild thyroid enlargement, suppressed TSH and DECREASED RAIU scan?

A

Painless thyroiditis

30
Q

ESR/CK of inflammatory myopathies?

Of hypothyroid myopathy?

A

Inc/Inc

Normal/Inc

32
Q

Diabetics w/sensorimotor polyneuropathy is d/t what pathology?

A

Large fiber axonopathy (charac. By negative symptoms)

UWorld Step 2 (17 decks)

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