IM Renal - Rd 2 Flashcards
TB can cause what organ dysfunction?
This results in what?
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Non AG metabolic acidosis
Pt that has 80% occlusion of a renal artery should be managed how?
ACE-i
What is the leading cause of euvolemic hypernatremia?a
Divided into what types?
Diabetes insipidus
Complete - UOsm < 300
Partial - UOsm 300-600
What is interstitial cystitis known as?
How does it present?
Painful bladder syndrome
Exacerbated by bladder filling and sex, relieved by voiding
What presents with anasarca, HTN, abnormal UA showing microscopic hematuria and proteinuria?
Acute nephritic syndrome w/fluid overload
Pt with Hyponatremia should be corrected at rate no faster than what?
0.5 mEq/L/hr
What does the ABG in ASA toxicity most likely show?
Low PaCO2 d/t primary respiratory alkalosis
Low HCO3 d/t primary metabolic acidosis
Near normal pH d/t 2 acid-base disturbances
What is enteroclysis?
Used to diagnose what?
Uses contrast to test the small intestine
Dx small bowel tumors
What is the earliest renal abnormality seen in diabetic nephropathy?
What is the 1st to be quantified? Next?
Glomerular hyperfiltration
Thickening of BM, then mesangial expansion
How does saline responsive metabolic alkalosis present?
Urine Cl < 20
What is the MC cause of abnormal hemostasis in chronic Renal Failure?
Treat how?
Platelet dysfunction
Desmopressin
What antimuscarinic drug is used to increase bladder capacity and decrease detrusor contractions?
Side Effects?
Oxybutynin
Dry mouth, constipation, blurry vision
How do you treat neurogenic bladder with meds?
MOA?
Bethanechol
Cholinergic agonist
MPGN is caused by what?
How does it present?
Persistent activation of the alternative complement pathway d/t C3 nephritic factor
Nephrotic-range proteinuria and hematuria
Pt w/hyponatremia and has HA, N/V, weakness, and lethargy should be treated how?
3% hypertonic solution
Kidney stones in pts w/Crohn disease is d/t what?
Oxalate absorption d/t fat malabsorption binding up all the Calcium
Pt that is not responding to VIGOROUS saline resuscitation w/liver problems has what?
Occurs d/t development of what?
This causes what?
Hepatorenal syndrome
Splanchnic arterial dilation
Activation of RAAS w/dec perfusion and dec glomerular filtration
Pt w/hyponatremia w/serum osmolality < 290 and a urine osmolality < 100 has what?
If urine osmolality is > 100 but Urine Na < 25 what do they have?
Primary polydipsia or beer potomania
SIADH, AI, Hypothyroid
Bactrim can cause what electrolyte SE’s?
Hyperkalemia
Inc Cr w/out affecting the GFR
Pts that have nephrotic syndrome have increased risk for what?
Why?
Atherosclerosis
Nephrotic syndrome causes Hyperlipidemia
Pt that has uric acid stones can be treated prophylactically with what?
Through what mechanism?
Potassium citrate
Alkalinization of the urine
When do you give IV bicarbonate in a pt that has metabolic acidosis?
PH < 7.1
Which pts are at higher risk for developing type 4 RTA?
Describe type 4 RTA
Poorly controlled Diabetics
Hyperkalemia
Lower serum bicarbonate levels
Loop diuretics are commonly give to cirrhosis pts w/volume overload, what are the common SEs?
Hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Pre-renal AKI
