Peds: Pulmonology Flashcards by Krista Chipman | Brainscape

Q

What does croup affect?

A

larynx

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Q

What are some S/S of croup?

A

barky/seal cough

inspiratory stridor

respiratory distress

low O2 sat

coughing fits at night

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Q

What will be seen on a CXR of a kid with croup?

A

steeple sign

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Q

What is the treatment for croup?

A

single dose of Decadron

Tylenol for fever

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Q

What are some S/S of influenza?

A

myalgias

fevers

chills

runny nose

HA

sore throat

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Q

How is influenza diagnosed?

A

PCR nasal swab

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Q

What is RSV?

A

inflammed bronchial tubes

causes air-trapping

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Q

What are some S/S of RSV?

A

recent URI exposure

increase in nasal congestion

cough/respiratory wheezing

gradual onset of respiratory distress

fever

poor feeding

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Q

What is the treatment for RSV?

A

supportive

self-limited virus

humidifed oxygen by mask

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Q

What bacteria causes epiglottitis?

A

H. influenzae

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Q

What are some S/S of epiglottitis?

A

rapid onset of sever distress (within hours)

high fever

difficulty swalling or sore throat

drooling

tripod position

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Q

How is epiglottitis diagnosed?

A

lateral soft tissue neck Xray - thumb sign

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Q

What is the treatment for epiglottitis?

A

antipyretics for fever

IV antibiotics

secure an airway

reacemic epi

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Q

What is pertussis?

A

whooping cough

“the 100 day cough”

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Q

What is stage 1 of pertussis?

A

catarrhal stage

1-2 weeks

URI sxs

fever

cough

running nose

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Q

What is stage 2 of pertussis?

A

paroxysmal stage

1-6 weeks

post-tussive vomitting, inspiratory whoop

Q

What is stage 3 of pertussis?

A

convalescent stage

recovery 2-3 weeks

cough lessens

Q

What is the treatment for pertussis?

A

macrolide antibiotics

(axithromycin, clarithromycin)

Q

What are the most common agents that cause bacterial pneumonia?

A

S. pneumoniae

H. influenzae*
Mycoplasma*

Q

What are some S/S of pneumonia?

A

fever

cough

tachypnea

low O2 sat

lethargy

Q

How is pneumonia diagnosed?

A

chest X-ray

bacterial- consolidation, ‘round’ appearing

viral- interstitial infiltrates

Q

What is the treatment for bacterial pneumonia?

A

amoxicillin

macrolides

Q

When should a child be admitted for pneumonia?

A

O2 < 92%

RR > 70 in infants or 50 in children

intermittent apnea or grunting

dehydration

family unable to provide good observation