Peds: EENT Flashcards
What is strabismus?
anomaly of eye alignment which can occur in either eye & in any direction
What is Hernig’s Law?
agonist muscles in both eyes receive equal innervaiton to ensure coordinated movement
ex: as right eye abducts the left eye will adduct
What is Sherrington’s Law?
agonist/antagonist muscle pairs within each eye receive reciprocal innervation
ex: as muscle in the right eye contracts its antagonist muscle will relax
What are some risk factors for strabismus?
family history
low birth weight
prematurity
What is the treatment for strabismus?
timely referral to ophthalmology
correction w/ glasses and/or optical penalization
surgical correction
What are some risk factors for otitis media?
family history
day care
lack of breastfeeding
tobacco expoure
What are the most comon agents causing otitis media?
Strep pneumoniae
- H. influenzae*
- M. catarrhalis*
What are some S/S of otitis media?
otalgia
fever
irritability
anorexia
vomiting
diarrhea
What is the treatment for otitis media?
high-dose amoxicillin
tx pain: NSAIDs, acetaminopne, Auralgan drops
Should otitis media w/ effusion be treated with antibiotics?
NO
problem with the plumbing, this is not an infection
What is mastoiditis?
infection in mastoid air cells
What are some S/S of mastoiditis?
post-aurticular redness
swelling
tender
possibly displace ear
What is the treatment for mastoiditis?
admit to hospital
IV abx
possible drain
What are some risk factors for otitis externa?
trauma
irritaiton to external ear
What are some S/S of otitis externa?
hearing loss
itching
history of swimming/Qtips
pain w/ physical exam
What is the treatment for otitis externa?
topical abx/steroid (fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides)
pain reliever
What are some causes of TM perforation?
trauma (Q tip, fall/head injury)
noise
pressure
infection
What are the typical agents causing sinusitis?
- S. pneumonia*
- H. influenzae*
- M. catarrhalis*
What are some S/S of sinusitis?
cough worsens w/ duration
nasal symptoms
HA
fever
symptoms worsen around day 7
What is the treatment for sinusitis?
mild-amoxicillin-clavulanate
sever-high dose
What are some S/S of allergic rhinitis?
allergice ‘salute’
nasal crease
allergic ‘shiners’
rhinorrhea
What is the treatment for allergic rhinitis?
antihistamines
decongestants
nasal corticosteroids sprays
What is the most common site of HEENT foreign bodies?
the nose
What are some S/S of foreign body in the nose?
unilateral purulent nasal drainage
epistaxis
nasal obstruction
mouth breathing
What are some S/S of pharyngitis?
sore throat
myalgia
abdominal
What is the treament for strep pharyngitis?
penicillin
amoxicillin
What is a peritonsillar abscess?
collection of pus between the palatine tonsil & pharyngeal muscles
Are peritonsillar abscesses polymicrobial or monomicrobial?
polymicrobial
What are some S/S of peritonsillar abscess?
“hot potatoe” voice
doorling
trismus
ipsilateral ear pain
fatigue
decreased PO take
What is the treatment for peritonsillar abscess?
drainage
antibiotics
