Peds: EENT

Question 1

What is strabismus?

Answer 1

anomaly of eye alignment which can occur in either eye & in any direction

Question 2

What is Hernig’s Law?

Answer 2

agonist muscles in both eyes receive equal innervaiton to ensure coordinated movement

ex: as right eye abducts the left eye will adduct

Question 3

What is Sherrington’s Law?

Answer 3

agonist/antagonist muscle pairs within each eye receive reciprocal innervation

ex: as muscle in the right eye contracts its antagonist muscle will relax

Question 4

What are some risk factors for strabismus?

Answer 4

family history

low birth weight

prematurity

Question 5

What is the treatment for strabismus?

Answer 5

timely referral to ophthalmology

correction w/ glasses and/or optical penalization

surgical correction

Question 6

What are some risk factors for otitis media?

Answer 6

family history

day care

lack of breastfeeding

tobacco expoure

Question 7

What are the most comon agents causing otitis media?

Answer 7

Strep pneumoniae

• H. influenzae*
• M. catarrhalis*

Question 8

What are some S/S of otitis media?

Answer 8

otalgia

fever

irritability

anorexia

vomiting

diarrhea

Question 9

What is the treatment for otitis media?

Answer 9

high-dose amoxicillin

tx pain: NSAIDs, acetaminopne, Auralgan drops

Question 10

Should otitis media w/ effusion be treated with antibiotics?

Answer 10

NO

problem with the plumbing, this is not an infection

Question 11

What is mastoiditis?

Answer 11

infection in mastoid air cells

Question 12

What are some S/S of mastoiditis?

Answer 12

post-aurticular redness

swelling

tender

possibly displace ear

Question 13

What is the treatment for mastoiditis?

Answer 13

admit to hospital

IV abx

possible drain

Question 14

What are some risk factors for otitis externa?

Answer 14

trauma

irritaiton to external ear

Question 15

What are some S/S of otitis externa?

Answer 15

hearing loss

itching

history of swimming/Qtips

pain w/ physical exam

Question 16

What is the treatment for otitis externa?

Answer 16

topical abx/steroid (fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides)

pain reliever

Question 17

What are some causes of TM perforation?

Answer 17

trauma (Q tip, fall/head injury)

noise

pressure

infection

Question 18

What are the typical agents causing sinusitis?

Answer 18

• S. pneumonia*
• H. influenzae*
• M. catarrhalis*

Question 19

What are some S/S of sinusitis?

Answer 19

cough worsens w/ duration

nasal symptoms

HA

fever

symptoms worsen around day 7

Question 20

What is the treatment for sinusitis?

Answer 20

mild-amoxicillin-clavulanate

sever-high dose

Question 21

What are some S/S of allergic rhinitis?

Answer 21

allergice ‘salute’

nasal crease

allergic ‘shiners’

rhinorrhea

Question 22

What is the treatment for allergic rhinitis?

Answer 22

antihistamines

decongestants

nasal corticosteroids sprays

Question 23

What is the most common site of HEENT foreign bodies?

Answer 23

the nose

Question 24

What are some S/S of foreign body in the nose?

Answer 24

unilateral purulent nasal drainage

epistaxis

nasal obstruction

mouth breathing

Question 25

What are some S/S of pharyngitis?

Answer 25

sore throat

myalgia

abdominal

Question 26

What is the treament for strep pharyngitis?

Answer 26

penicillin

amoxicillin

Question 27

What is a peritonsillar abscess?

Answer 27

collection of pus between the palatine tonsil & pharyngeal muscles

Question 28

Are peritonsillar abscesses polymicrobial or monomicrobial?

Answer 28

polymicrobial

Question 29

What are some S/S of peritonsillar abscess?

Answer 29

“hot potatoe” voice

doorling

trismus

ipsilateral ear pain

fatigue

decreased PO take

Question 30

What is the treatment for peritonsillar abscess?

Answer 30

drainage

antibiotics