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Peds > Peds Ortho > Flashcards

Peds Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

What age is legg-calve perthes disease found

A

5-8 years

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2
Q

what is legg-calve perthes disease

A

avascular necrosis of the femoral head

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3
Q

SSx of legg-calve perthes disease

A

pain in the groin or knee, antalgic gait

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4
Q

what is the gold standard of diagnosis for legg-calve perthes

A

x-ray with an AP/frog-leg lateral

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5
Q

what is developmental dysplasia of the hip

A

hip development does not develop

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6
Q

what are mechanical factors of development dysplasia of the hip

A

breech, toricollis, metatarsus adductus, congenital genu recurvatum

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7
Q

what are the risk factors that need an ultrasound for development of dysplasia of the hip

A

first born, female, breech, family history

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8
Q

PE of DDH

A

asymmetric thigh folds, + galeazzi’s signs, limited abduction

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9
Q

what is the MC treatment of DDH

A

Pavlik harness

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10
Q

What is a SCFE

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

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11
Q

At what age is SCFE found

A

10-14 yo

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12
Q

What is the PE of SCFE

A

limited ROM, internal rotation, flexion and abduction limited

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13
Q

What is the goal of tx for SCFE

A

prevent further slipping

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14
Q

what is the most common cause of apophyseal injury and chronic knee pain

A

osgood-schlatter’s disease

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15
Q

SSx of osgood-schlatter’s disease

A

tender prominent tibial tubercle, pain with knee extension against resistance,

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16
Q

What population group is affected by osgood-schlatter’s disease

A

young athletes

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17
Q

What is the presentation of Scheuermann’s kyphosis

A

disc narrowing, end plate irregularity, Schmorl’s nodes

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18
Q

What is defined as spinal asymmetry

A

less than 10 degrees

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19
Q

What population is idiopathic scoliosis most prominent in

A

Adolescent females

20
Q

What are the tx options for scoliosis

A

observation, brace, surgery

21
Q

What is the cause of neuromuscular scoliosis

A

muscle imbalance in growing spine

22
Q

What are the characteristics of nonambulatory neuromuscular scoliosis

A

long C shaped curves, pelvic obliquity

23
Q

When is surgery indicated in scoliosis

A

> 40-50 degrees that is either progressive or interfering with sitting; age >10 years

24
Q

What are the associated abnormalities congenital scoliosis

A

renal and cardiac

25
Q

What is mesenchymal scoliosis associated with

A

connective tissue disorders

26
Q

What is spina bifida

A

spinal column does not fully form

27
Q

What is occulta spina bifida

A

incidental finding, without opening to environment, no tx necessary

28
Q

What is aperta spina bifida

A

bony abnormalities with meninges, nerves, CSF open to environment, surgery within 48 hours

29
Q

What are the ssx of flexible flat foot

A

straight or convex medial border to the foot, midfoot sag, hindfoot valgus, arch not present in nonweightbearing position, no Achilles tendon tightness

30
Q

flexible flatfoot with short tendoachilles treatment

A

orthotics contraindicated, heel cord stretching, surgical lengthening

31
Q

What is tarsal coalition

A

bony, cartilagenous or fibrous connection between 2 or more tarsal bones

32
Q

What is the chief complaint of tarsal coalition

A

pain, restricted subtalar motion

33
Q

Calcaneonavicular coalition treatment

A

4-6 weeks of casting

34
Q

What is the deformity in clubfoot

A

hindfoot in equinus and varus, forefoot in supination and adduction, cavus

35
Q

What is the ponsetti technique

A

correction of varus, adductus, and cavus; starts at birth; may need percutaneous achilles tenotomy

36
Q

What is metatarsus varus/adductus

A

congenital adduction of forefoot at metatarsal joints

37
Q

What is infantile blount’s disease

A

tibia vara, occurs before 5 yo, progressive, more severe then late onset

38
Q

What are the clinical features of infantile blount disease

A

obesity and lateral thrust

39
Q

What is the brace time for infantile blount’s disease

A

1 year

40
Q

At what age is tx for infantile blount’s disease

A

4 years of age

41
Q

What is the normal age for genu valgum

A

2- 6 years

42
Q

What is the presentation of genu valgum “knock knees”

A

age >10 years, tibiofemoral angle >15 degrees, intramalleolar distance > 10 cm

43
Q

What is the MCC of in-toeing in early childhood

A

femoral anteversion

44
Q

SSX of femoral anteversion

A

in-toeing gait, tripping over feet, medial rotation of patella

45
Q

What is the most common cause of intoeing from age 1-3

A

tibial torsion

46
Q

What is the tx of tibial torsion

A

splinting, braces, shoe modifications, exercises are NOT effective

Peds (16 decks)

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