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Adolescent Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of adolescence?

A

a period of development

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2
Q

What is the definition of puberty

A

a biologic process in which a child becomes an adult

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3
Q

When is early adolescence

A

10-13 years

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4
Q

when is middle adolescence

A

14-16

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5
Q

When is late adolescence

A

17-20+

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6
Q

What tanner stages are associated with early adolescence

A

1-2

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7
Q

what tanner stages are associated with middle adolescence

A

2-5

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8
Q

What tanner stages are associated with late adolescence

A

5

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9
Q

What are the sexual maturity ratings for pubic hair in boys

A

1 - none; 2 - scanty long slightly pigmented; 3 - darker, curls slightly, small amount; 4 - resembles adult type, not on thigh, coarse and curly; 5 - ault distribution, spreads to medial thigh

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10
Q

What are the sexual maturity ratings for testes in boys

A

1 - preadolescent; 2 - enlarged scrotum, pink, texture altered; 3 - larger; 4 - larger, scrotum dark; 5 - adult size

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11
Q

What are the sexual maturity ratings for penis in boys

A

1 - preadolescent; 2 - minimal change/enlargement; 3 - lengthens; 4 - larger, glands and breadth increase in size; 5 - adult size

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12
Q

What are the sexual maturity ratings for pubic hair in girls

A

1 - preadolescent; 2 - sparse, light pigmented, straight on medial border of labia; 3 - darker, beginning of curl, increased amount; 4 - coarse, curly abundant; 5 - adult type, spread to medial thigh

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13
Q

What are the sexual maturity ratings for breasts in girls

A

1 - preadolescent; 2 - breast and papilla elevated, diameter of areola increases; 3 - breast and areola enlarged, no contour separation; 4 - areola and papilla form second mound; 5 - mature nipple projection, areola part of general breast contour

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14
Q

What are the somatic early adolescent characteristics

A

secondary sex characteristics, beginning of rapid growth, awkward appearance

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15
Q

what are the somatic middle adolescent characteristics

A

height growth peaks, body shape and composition change, acne and odor, menarche/spermarche

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16
Q

what are the somatic late adolescent characteristics

A

physically mature, slower growth

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17
Q

what are the cognitive and morality characteristics of early adolescence

A

concrete operations, unable to percieve longterm outcome of current decision-making, conventional maturity

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18
Q

what are the cognitive and morality characteristics of middle adolescence

A

emergence of abstract thought, may percieve future implications but not decision making, questioning mores

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19
Q

what are the cognitive and morality characteristics of late adolescence

A

future oriented with a sense of perspective idealism, absolutism, able to think through things independently

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20
Q

What are the self-concept/identity formation characteristics of early adolescence

A

preoccupied with changing body, self-consciousness about appearance and attractiveness, fantasy and present-oriented

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21
Q

What are the self-concept/identity formation characteristics of middle adolescence

A

concerned with attractiveness, increasing introspection, “stereotypical adolescent”

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22
Q

What are the self-concept/identity formation characteristics of late adolescence

A

More stable body image, attractiveness may still be of concern, emancipation complete, firmer identity

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23
Q

What are the family characteristics of early adolescence

A

increased need for privacy, increased bid for independence

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24
Q

What are the family characteristics of middle adolescence

A

conflicts over control and independence, struggle for acceptance of greater autonomy

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25
What are the family characteristics of late adolescence
emotional and physical separation from family, increased autonomy
26
What are the peer characteristics of early adolescence
seeks same-sex peer affiliation to counter instability
27
What are the peer characteristics of middle adolescence
intense peer group involvement, preoccupation with peer culture, peers provide behavioral example
28
What are the peer characteristics of late adolescence
peer group values recede in importance, intimacy/possible commitment takes precendence
29
what are the sexuality characteristics of early adolescence
increased interest in sexual anatomy, anxieties and questions about genital changes/size, limited dating and intimacy
30
what are the sexuality characteristics of middle adolescence
testing ability to attract partner, initiation of relationships and sexual activity, questions of sexual orientation
31
what are the sexuality characteristics of late adolescence
consolidation of sexual identity, focus on intimacy and formation of stable relationships, planning for future and commitment
32
what are the relationship to society characteristics of early adolescence
middle school adjustment
33
what are the relationship to society characteristics of middle adolescence
gauging skills and opportunities
34
what are the relationship to society characteristics of late adolescence
career decisions
35
what is the appropriate timing of menarche
2-2.5 years after breast development begins; 1-1.5 years after 2nd moud develops
36
what is the general age of onset for menarche
9-16 yo with mean 13.46 yo
37
how long will it generally take for menstrual cycle to regulate
2-2.5 years after menarche
38
What is the definition of polymenorrhea
frequent bleeding intervals
39
what is the definition of oligomenorrhea
infrequent irregular bleeding at > 45 d
40
what is the definition of primary amenorrhea
absence of secondary sexual characteristics by age 14, or normal secondary characteristics but no menarche by age 16
41
what is the definition of secondary amenorrhea
absence of vaginal bleeding > 3 mos
42
what is the definition of irregular menses
bleeding at variable intervals, >21 days but
43
What ist he definition of hypomenorrhea
decreased menstrual flow and regular intervals
44
what is the definition of hypermenorrhea
heavy menstrual flow of normal duration at regular intervals
45
what is metrorrhagia
Intermenstrual irregular bleeding (between regular periods)
46
what is menorrhagia
Excessive amount and duration of uterine bleeding at regular intervals
47
What is metromenorrhagia
Frequent irregular, excessive, and prolonged episodes of uterine bleeding
48
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Prolonged excessive menstrual bleeding associated with irregular periods: usually due to immaturity of the reproductive axis in adolescence if within the first 2 yrs of menarche
49
What is Poland syndrome
Hypoplastic breast nipple and areola with hypoplastic ipsilateral chest wall structures
50
What is physiologic leucorrhea
transparent, mucousy, white/yellow, usually odorless
51
characteristics of bacterial vaginosis
STD, vaginal pH >4.5, clue cells, fishy odor, + whiff test
52
Treatment of bacterial vaginosis
metronidazole
53
Complications of bacterial vaginosis
septic abortion, premature rupture of amniotic membranes, preterm labor, preterm delivery, post-Cesarean endomyometritis, and post-hysterectomy pelvic cellulitis
54
Characteristics of trichomonas
irritation and soreness of the vulve, perineum, and thighs, with dyspareunia and dysuria, frothy green/yellow discharge, STI
55
Treatment of trichomonas
2 g metronidazole x 1 d
56
diagnosis of trichomonas
wet prep, PCR
57
characteristics of candidiasis
thick, "curdled" white discharge, vulvar pruritus, no odor
58
treatment of candidiasis
oral/topical antifungals
59
what is the definition of gynecomastia
mammary tissue in males, 1/3 of males in puberty, reflects estrogen-androgen imbalance
60
What is Klinfelter syndrome
excess aromatase production
61
HEADDSS is what
Home, Education, Activities, Drugs, Depression/suicide, Sexuality, Safety
62
Aspects of an adolescent interview
friends, image, recreation, spirituality and connectedness, threats and violence
63
PE for adolescent interview
Audiometry, vision screen, BP, scoliosis, breast, scrotal, pelvic, immunizations, lab tests
64
Who are emancipated minors
Children who live away home, are no longer subject to parental control, are economically self-supporting, are married or are members of the military.
65
What is the mature minor rule
minors are sufficiently mature to understand the nature of their illness and the potential risks and benefits of proposed therapy, and therefore, should receive such treatment on their own consent.
66
What are the exceptions of confidentiality
child abuse/neglect, homicidal/suicidal ideation, violent injuries, STIs, mental health if potential to harm others/self

Peds (16 decks)

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