Pediatrics Flashcards
VATER Syndrome
Vertebral abnormality
Anal Atresia
TE Fistula
Renal Problems
+ limb and cardiac defects = VACTRL
Common eye infections in newborn
First day: clear from silver nitrate
First week: gonorrhea (purulent)
Second week: chlamydia
Third week: Herpes
Erythema Toxicum
White wheal of red area of rash
has eosinophils
Subgleal hemorrhage
Prolonged jaundice from birthing trauma
Caput succedaneum
Bleeding under scalp
Crosses suture lines
Cephalohematoma
Bleeding under the skull bone
Does NOT cross suture liens
Wide cranial sutures
Hypothyroidism
Down’s
Moro Reflex
Baby startles, throws arms out
Asymmetric is clavicle fracture
Nephroblastoma
Abdominal mass from Wilma Tumor
Hemihypertrophy, Aniridia
Parvo
Slapped cheek (erythema infectiosum)
Aplastic anemia, Hydrops
Associated with Sickle Cell
Rubella
Trunk rash
Lymphadenopathy behind ears
They don’t look sick
Congenital hip dysplasia
Gluteal fold asymmetry
Posterior-superior dislocation
Legg-Calve-Perthes
Avascular necrosis of femoral head
Joint effusion on XRay
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Gradual or acute separation of proximal femoral growth plate
Rotates into inferior-posterior position
Obesity, limp, pain often to the knee.
Congential Varicella infection
Pneumonia (neonatal)
Limb hypoplasia
Cutaneous scar
Seizure, MR
Milestones from birth up to 1 mo old
Raises head slightly in prone position
Follows with eyes to midline only
Hands tightly fisted
Alterts, startles to sound
Milestones at 2 mo old
Raises chest and head off floor in prone
Coos and vocalizes reciprocally
Social smile, recognizes parents
Milestones at 4 mo old
Lifts onto extended elbows in prone, rolls over
Reaches for objects with both hands, grabs, retains
Orients to voice, laughs and squeals
Initiates social interaction
Milestones at 6 mo old
Sits, may need support. Rolls in both directions
Reaches with one hand, TRANSFERS from hand to hand
Babbles
Recognizes object or person as unfamiliar
Milestones at 9 mo old
Sits without support, crawls, pulls to stand
Pincer grasp, finger-feeds.
Imitates speech sounds, nonspecific
Plays gesture games, object permanence, STRANGER anx
Milestones at 12 mo old
Cruises, stands, few independent steps
Voluntarily releases items
1-4 words, mama dada, commanded by gesture
Imitates, comes, cooperates with dressing
Milestones at 15 mo old
Walks independently
2-block tower, throws underhand
4-6 words, jargon, one-step verbal commands
Uses cup, indicates wants or needs
Milestones at 18 mo old
Runs, walks upstairs with hand held, stoops and recovers
3-block tower, spoons, dribbling
10-25 words, points to body parts, plays near others
Milestones at 24 mo
Walks unassisted, kick ball, throws overhand, jumps
4-6 block tower, fork and spoon, copies straight line
50+ words, 2-3 word phrases, I/me, intelligible
PARALLEL PLAY, removes simple clothing
Milestones at 36 mo
Pedals tricycle, broad jumps
Copies a CIRCLE
Knows age and gender, group play, shares
Milestones at 4 yo
Balances on one foot, copes across, catches ball
Tells intelligible stories, maintains self
Milestones at 5 yo
Skips with alternating feet
Draws a persons with 6 body parts
Asks what words mean
Names 4 colors, cooperative games, understands rules
Milestones at 6 yo
Rides a bike, writes name, identifies written letters and numbers, knows right from left and all the colors
Measure a baby
Crown-rump length until 14 weeks
After 14 weeks use femur length, biparietal, head, and abdomen
Tanner Stage 1
Only papilla above chest wall
Vellus Hair (like abdominal hair)
Tanner Stage 2
Breast budding, mounds, enlarged areolae
Sparse, light pubic hair at base
Tanner Stage 3
Breast enlarges beyond areolae
Pubic hair coarsens, curly, extends over pubic bone
Tanner Stage 4
Breast enlarges, secondary mound
Adult-type hair sparing medial thigh
Tanner Stage 5
Adult contour breast
Adult-type hair extending to medial thigh
Food milestone
Introduce solid foods at 6 mo old
Introduce cow’s milk at 1 year old (supplement vitamin D until then)
