Pediatric Reflexes Flashcards
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR).
Stimulus: Head position, turned to one side
Response: Arm and leg on face side are extended, arm and leg on scalp side are flexed, spine curved with convexity toward face side.
Normal age of response: Birth to 6 months
List 5 things that ATNR can interfere with if present.
Feeding Visual tracking Midline/Bilateral use of hands Rolling Development of crawling
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR).
Stimulus: Head position, flexion or extension
Response: When head is in flexion, arms are flexed, legs extended. When head is in extension, arms are extended, legs are flexed.
Normal age of response: 6 to 8 months
List 5 things that STNR can interfere with if present.
Ability to prop on arms in prone position
Attaining and maintaining hand and knees position
Crawling reciprocally
Sitting balance when looking around
Use of hands when looking at object in hands in sitting position
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR).
Stimulus: Position of the labyrinthine in inner ear; reflected by head position
Response: In supine, body and extremities are held in extension; in prone, body and extremities are held in flexion
Normal age of response: Birth to 6 months
List 3 things that TLR can interfere with if present.
Ability to initiate rolling
Ability to prop on elbows with extended hips in prone
Ability to flex trunk and hips to come to a sitting position from supine position
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the Galant reflex.
Stimulus: Touch to skin along spine from shoulder to hip
Response: Lateral flexion of trunk to side of stimulus
Normal age of response: 30 weeks gestation to 2 months
List 2 things that the Galant reflex can interfere with if present.
Development of sitting balance
Can lead to scoliosis
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the palmar grasp reflex.
Stimulus: Pressure in palm or ulnar side of hand
Response: Flexion of fingers causing strong grip
Normal age of response: Birth to 4 months
List 2 things that the palmar grasp reflex can interfere with if present.
Ability to grasp and release objects voluntarily
Weight bearing on open hand for propping, crawling, protective responses
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the plantar grasp reflex.
Stimulus: Pressure to base of foot
Response: Toe flexion
Normal age of response: 28 weeks of gestation to 9 months
List 2 things that the plantar grasp reflex can interfere with if present.
Ability to stand with feet flat on surface
Balance reactions and weight shifting in standing
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the rooting reflex.
Stimulus: Touch on cheek
Response: Turning head to same side with mouth open
Normal age of response: 28 weeks of gestation to 3 months
List 3 things that the rooting reflex can interfere with if present.
Oral-motor development
Development of midline control of head
Optical righting, visual tracking, and social interaction
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the moro reflex.
Stimulus: Head dropping into extension suddenly for a few inches
Response: Arms abduct with fingers open, then cross trunk into adduction; cry
Normal age of response: 28 weeks of gestation to 5 months
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the startle reflex.
Stimulus: Loud sudden noise
Response: Similar to Moro response, but elbows remain flexed and hands closed
Normal age of response: 28 weeks of gestation to 5 months
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the positive support reflex.
Stimulus: Weight placed on balls of feet when upright
Response: Stiffening of legs and trunk into extension
Normal age of response: 35 weeks of gestation to 2 months
List 3 things that the moro reflex can interfere with if present.
Balance reactions in sitting
Protective responses in sitting
Eye hand coordination, visual tracking
List 4 things that the startle reflex can interfere with if present.
Sitting balance
Protective response in sitting
Eye hand coordination, visual tracking
Social interaction, attention
List 3 things that the positive support reflex can interfere with if present.
Standing and walking
Balance reactions and weight shift in standing
Can lead to contractures of ankles into plantar flexion
List the stimulus, response and normal age of response for the walking/stepping reflex.
Stimulus: Supported upright position with soles of feet on firm surface
Response: Reciprocal flexion/extension of legs
Normal age or response: 38 weeks of gestation to 2 months
List 3 things that the walking/stepping reflex can interfere with if present.
Standing and walking
Balance reactions and weight shift in standing Development of smooth, coordinated reciprocal movements of LEs
