Pediatric developmental milestones and feeding

Question 1

0-1 months

Answer 1

• physiological flexion
• lift head in prone, turn to side
• lots of reflexive movements
• can orient to faces, sound, touch
• eyes crossing, can see 8-12 in, black and white

Question 2

2 months

Answer 2

• flexion subsides, more UE abduction
• follow/tracking with eyes
• spontaneous stepping, moro
• in prone, lift head to sound

Question 3

3-4 months

Answer 3

• improved head control, trunk strength and stability, symmetry
• push up onto elbows
• smooth tracking of objects with moving head and crossing midline
• smiling
• hands to midline to touch mouth
• reaching for toys when laying

Question 4

5-6 months

Answer 4

• pushing up with elbows extended, weight shifting, WB on 1 arm and reach with other
• purposeful rolling
• sitting! prop sitting with wide BOS and arms extended
• holding a bottle
• smooth, accurate reaching

Question 5

7-10 months

Answer 5

• belly crawling (one side of body moves together)
• quadruped –> rocking –> creeping (crawl on hands and knees; takes a few months to master)
• 10 mo: rapidly reciprocal crawl, quick transitions, climbing, pull self up to stand

Question 6

11-12 months

Answer 6

• cruising on furniture
• standing alone briefly
• taking a few steps unassisted

Question 7

18 mo

Answer 7

walking alone without falling a lot
holding a cup/spoon

Question 8

2 years old

Answer 8

high and low: climbing stairs, tip toes
fast and slow: beginning to run, kick ball

Question 9

3 years old

Answer 9

“threeasy” running better, tricycle

Question 10

4 years old

Answer 10

“fourdination” coordinating movements: hop, stand on one leg, catch ball, pouring liquids

Question 11

5 years old

Answer 11

using toilet
“five is for flushing”

Question 12

feeding 0-3 months

Answer 12

• breastmilk or formula
• sucking or suckling pattern
  3 mo - can take purees

Question 13

feeding 4 mo

Answer 13

“training period”
- eat beyond purees and liquid
- primitive bite and release: MUNCHING (vertical up and down jaw movement)

Question 14

feeding 5 mo

Answer 14

high 5!
able to take pureed baby food or cereal from a SPOON

Question 15

feeding 6 mo

Answer 15

• try to hold a bottle and interest in using a cup
• crackers: more sucking on food
• strong up and down tongue movement

Question 16

feeding 7 mo

Answer 16

• mastication with diagonal jaw movement

Question 17

feeding 9 mo

Answer 17

• finger feeding and lateral tongue movement
  (think blueberry - 9 letters - finger feed with an inferior pincer grasp)

Question 18

feeding 1 year

Answer 18

• understand the function of a spoon (messy) - dip spoon
• firm jaw, rotary chewing
• independent drinking from a cup with a lid/spout

Question 19

feeding 15 mo

Answer 19

• greater stability
• scooping food and bring to mouth

Question 20

feeding 24 mo

Answer 20

• spoon master
• stab with a fork
• use a straw

Question 21

feeding 30 mo

Answer 21

• proficient with using a fork

Question 22

how to remember jaw/tongue movement

Answer 22

1. up and down JAW movement (4-5 mo)
2. up and down TONGUE mvmnt (6)
3. diagonal JAW (7)
4. diagonal TONGUE (9)
5. rotary chewing with a firm jaw (12)

Question 23

feeding positioning

Answer 23

head in midline, semi reclined, neck in neutral

Question 24

reflexive bite spoon

Answer 24

narrow shallow coated spoon is best to use

Question 25

sitting

Answer 25

Sitting with arms propped is 5-6mo old skill; 8 mo sits w/o support