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DHHD1 > Pediatric Dentistry > Flashcards

Pediatric Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is pediatric dentistry?

A

for infants and children, including those with special health care needs; extra 2-3 years of specialty training
Focus on prevention and arrestment of the disease! (High cost on procedures, time missed from school, etc)

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2
Q

What is involved in caries?

A

HOST, SUBSTRATE, BACTERIA, and TIME

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3
Q

What is the most prevalent infectious disease among children?

A

caries

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4
Q

What is the top reason children miss school?

A

untreated dental disease

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5
Q

What is the most unmet health need?

A

dental care

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6
Q

Where is the caries rate greater?

A

greater in lower SES and Hispanic and Black non hispanic populations

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7
Q

What is a factor that led to less untreated dental caries?

A

more funding for medicaid

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8
Q

What is the prevalence of total caries in youth ?untreated caries?

A

43.1%, 13%

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9
Q

Which group has the largest total caries? highest untreated dental caries?

A

hispanic youth; black youth

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10
Q

Prevalence of total treated and untreated dental caries decreased as _____ increased

A

family income levels

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11
Q

Why are primary teeth so important?

A
  • Proper chewing and eating
  • Providing space for permanent teeth and guiding them into correct position
  • Permit normal development of the jaw bones and muscles
  • Speech development
  • Esthetics
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12
Q

When does tooth formation begin?

A

• Tooth formation begins 7 weeks in utero

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13
Q

When does tooth mineralization begin?

A

• Tooth mineralization begins 4 months in utero

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14
Q

When does tooth eruption begin?

A

• Eruption begins about 6 months

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15
Q

When is tooth eruption completed?

A

• Eruption completed by 24-30 months (3 years old)

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16
Q

T/F Mandibular teeth erupt first

A

True

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17
Q

What is the sequence of eruption of primary teeth?

A 
Primary Tooth eruption: CLFCS
Primary Centrals
Primary Laterals 
Primary First Molars
Primary Canines
Primary Second Molars
18
Q

When does permanent tooth eruption begin? What tooth does is it usually begin with? what is the other option?

A

• Eruption begins 5-6 years (Starting with mandibular incisors) could be primary molars

19
Q

When does permanent tooth eruption finish?

A

• Eruption completed by 13-14 years old (except for wisdom teeth)

20
Q

When should child visit a dentist by?

A

• Every child should visit dentist by their FIRST BIRTHDAY (dental home by Age 1)

21
Q

What is a dental home?

A

professional intervention within 6 months after the eruption of the primary tooth or by 1st year, directed at factors affecting the oral cavity, counseling on oral disease risk and deliver anticipatory guidance

22
Q

What are the goals of the 1st visit?

A

educate family on caries process to avoid surgical intervention, fluoride and preventative strategies based on individual risk assessment, identify high risk children for early childhood carries, establish dental home

23
Q

What are the characteristics of a dental home?

A

accessible, family centered, comprehensive, coordinated, compassionate, provides emergency care

24
Q

What to do during an infant exam?

A

• Review CC and health history (note meds, probs during pregnancy, trauma)
• Anticipatory guidance (list above)
• Exam (knee to knee, soft tissue/hard tissue, ToothBrush prophy, fluoride varnish)
i. Soft tissue: scars to head/neck, HSV-1, Aphthous Ulcers, Cheek + lip biting
ii. Hard tissue: caries, calculus, fluorosis, discolorations, mobility, etc
• Address any areas of concern
• PRAISE MOM FOR BRINGING CHILD IN!! 😊

25
Q

What is anticipatory guidance include?

A
  • Dental and oral development
  • Fluoride status
  • Oral hygiene/health
  • Habits
  • Nutrition and diet
  • Injury prevention
26
Q

Who should be a part of the appointment?

A

• Parents and care providers encouraged to attend appointment; Siblings for a good model example, office staff (dental assistant)

27
Q

How often can medicaids patients visit? private insurance?

A

every 3 months until 3 years old, every 6 months

28
Q

What is primary herpes?

A

initial herpes episode often associated with eruption of primary teeth; viral origin (runs course 10-14 days); Hydrate

29
Q

What is the teeth eruption rule?

A

7+4 rule. every 4 months after 7 months you get 4 more teeth

30
Q

How much toothpaste for children below 3? from 3-5?

A
  • Smear layer of toothpaste for children below 3 years old

* Pea size toothpaste 3-5 years of age

31
Q

What does fluoride do?

A

increases resistance of tooth structure to demineralization, enhances the process of remineralization, reduces the cariogenic potential of dental plaque

32
Q

What is the optimal level of fluoride ?

A

.6-.7ppm

33
Q

What are some home fluoride options?

A

toothpaste, mouth rinses, tooth mousse or casein phosphopeptide-amorphouse

34
Q

Rinses are recommended for who?

A

moderate to high risk patients, orthodontic patients, not for children <6

35
Q

When should bottle/breast weaning be done?

A

by 12 months aka 1 year

36
Q

Never put a child _______

A

to bed with a bottle

37
Q

what do you transition from weaning?

A

to sippy cup using water, juice/milk at meal times

38
Q

Reduce _____ and ____ of sugar consumed

A

frequency and amount

39
Q

When should a child stop pacifier use?

A

no later than age 2

40
Q

When is thumb sucking considered normal?

A

until age 4

41
Q

What is the best predictor of future caries?

A

• Visible plaque on maxillary anterior teeth BEST predictor of future caries

42
Q

What are fissure sealants?

A

material introduced into occlusal pits and fissures of caries-susceptible teeth, thus forming a micromechanically bonded, protective layer cutting access of caries producing bacteria from the source of nutrients

DHHD1 (9 decks)

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