Nutrition

Question 1

What is the critical period?

Answer 1

time which environment has greatest impact on developing embryo

Question 2

When does tooth development begin?

Answer 2

6 weeks gestation (in utero)

Question 3

T/F: Saliva plays a key role in life in caries prevention

Answer 3

True

Question 4

T/F: Nutrients do not affect the salivary glands

Answer 4

False

Question 5

T/F: Nutrients do no affect periodontal tissue

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Which nutrients affect alveolar bone quality?

Answer 6

Ca, P, Mg+Vitamin D

Question 7

Which nutrients affect collagen formation of soft tissue?

Answer 7

Vitamin C

Question 8

What does malnutrition lead to?

Answer 8

delayed tooth development

Question 9

What does protein deficiency impact?

Answer 9

delayed tooth size and eruption sequence, decreased enamel solubility, salivary gland dysfunction

Question 10

What are the macro nutrients?

Answer 10

protein, carbohydrates (starches,sugars), fats, water

Question 11

What are the micro nutrients?

Answer 11

Vitamin A, B, C, D ,K, Calcium+ Phosphorus, Iron, Zinc

Question 12

What are carbs used for? fats? proteins?

Answer 12

quick energy, long term energy storage, repair and building

Question 13

How much protein do you need a day?

Answer 13

6 oz, about a palm of the hand

Question 14

What type of patients are protein deprived?

Answer 14

vegan generally

Question 15

What are complete proteins?

Answer 15

generally from animal source:dairy, eggs, meat. essential amino acids found

Question 16

What are incomplete proteins?

Answer 16

generally from vegetable sources. lack some amino acids

Question 17

Where do complementary proteins come from?

Answer 17

vegetable sources

Question 18

Where do supplementary proteins come from?

Answer 18

generally soy or whey based

Question 19

Is there human data on protein/calorie malnutriton? Affects carries?

Answer 19

yes, yes

Question 20

What are water soluble vitamins?

Answer 20

Vitamins C, B

Question 21

What are fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 21

Vitamins A, D, E, K

Question 22

Which vitamins need to be replaced daily?

Answer 22

water soluble ones-C, B

Question 23

Where are fat soluble vitamins stored?

Answer 23

liver

Question 24

What does deficiency of vitamin A lead to?

Answer 24

enamel hypoplasia, decreased epithelial tissue development, tooth morphogenesis dysfunction, cleft lip /palate

Question 25

What does deficiency of vitamin D lead to?affect caries?

Answer 25

enamel hypoplasia, yes

Question 26

Where does vitamin D come from?

Answer 26

sunlight and dairy products

Question 27

What does deficiency of vitamin C lead to? human data? caries?

Answer 27

abnormal dentin, pulpal alterations; no, no

Question 28

What are some macro minerals?

Answer 28

calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur

Question 29

What do minerals do in the body?

Answer 29

convert macro nutrients into energy, form connective tissue, function as antioxidants, form hormones

Question 30

What does lack of calcium/phosphorus do?human data? carries?

Answer 30

decreased mineral integrity of tooth, delayed tooth eruption, yes, yes

Question 31

what does too much fluoride do?

Answer 31

dental fluorosis-staining of teeth

Question 32

Lack of fluoride leads to ____. data? carries?

Answer 32

decreased tooth stability, yes, yes

Question 33

Lack of iron leads to ___. data? carries?

Answer 33

salivary gland dysfunction, no, yes

Question 34

What are some environmental influences on tooth development?

Answer 34

lead-carries nicotine-carries tetracycline-staining fluoride-fluorosis

Question 35

What does a firm diet affect?

Answer 35

growth of mandible, maxilla, and proper tooth eruption

Question 36

How much more intake does a pregnant women need? lactating women?

Answer 36

300 kcal, 10-15 g protein, fluids and Calcium up | 500 kcal, 15 g protein, fluids and calcium up

Question 37

What does folic acid do? Where is it found? How much is recommedned?

Answer 37

prevent cleft, leafy vegetables, fortified cereal, citrus fruit, legumes. 400 mcg

Question 38

What type of vitamin is Folic acid? water soluble?

Answer 38

valin, yes

Question 39

The energy needs of an infant are ___ times an adults

Answer 39

2-4 times

Question 40

Specific ____ can affect ____ development

Answer 40

nutrients, salivary

Question 41

Nutritional defects affect:

Answer 41

* Alveolar bone integrity * Collagen formation of soft tissue * Delayed tooth eruption * Tooth size and eruption sequence