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DHHD1 > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What is the critical period?

A

time which environment has greatest impact on developing embryo

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2
Q

When does tooth development begin?

A

6 weeks gestation (in utero)

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3
Q

T/F: Saliva plays a key role in life in caries prevention

A

True

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4
Q

T/F: Nutrients do not affect the salivary glands

A

False

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5
Q

T/F: Nutrients do no affect periodontal tissue

A

False

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6
Q

Which nutrients affect alveolar bone quality?

A

Ca, P, Mg+Vitamin D

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7
Q

Which nutrients affect collagen formation of soft tissue?

A

Vitamin C

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8
Q

What does malnutrition lead to?

A

delayed tooth development

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9
Q

What does protein deficiency impact?

A

delayed tooth size and eruption sequence, decreased enamel solubility, salivary gland dysfunction

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10
Q

What are the macro nutrients?

A

protein, carbohydrates (starches,sugars), fats, water

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11
Q

What are the micro nutrients?

A

Vitamin A, B, C, D ,K, Calcium+ Phosphorus, Iron, Zinc

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12
Q

What are carbs used for? fats? proteins?

A

quick energy, long term energy storage, repair and building

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13
Q

How much protein do you need a day?

A

6 oz, about a palm of the hand

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14
Q

What type of patients are protein deprived?

A

vegan generally

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15
Q

What are complete proteins?

A

generally from animal source:dairy, eggs, meat. essential amino acids found

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16
Q

What are incomplete proteins?

A

generally from vegetable sources. lack some amino acids

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17
Q

Where do complementary proteins come from?

A

vegetable sources

18
Q

Where do supplementary proteins come from?

A

generally soy or whey based

19
Q

Is there human data on protein/calorie malnutriton? Affects carries?

A

yes, yes

20
Q

What are water soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamins C, B

21
Q

What are fat soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamins A, D, E, K

22
Q

Which vitamins need to be replaced daily?

A

water soluble ones-C, B

23
Q

Where are fat soluble vitamins stored?

A

liver

24
Q

What does deficiency of vitamin A lead to?

A

enamel hypoplasia, decreased epithelial tissue development, tooth morphogenesis dysfunction, cleft lip /palate

25
Q

What does deficiency of vitamin D lead to?affect caries?

A

enamel hypoplasia, yes

26
Q

Where does vitamin D come from?

A

sunlight and dairy products

27
Q

What does deficiency of vitamin C lead to? human data? caries?

A

abnormal dentin, pulpal alterations; no, no

28
Q

What are some macro minerals?

A

calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur

29
Q

What do minerals do in the body?

A

convert macro nutrients into energy, form connective tissue, function as antioxidants, form hormones

30
Q

What does lack of calcium/phosphorus do?human data? carries?

A

decreased mineral integrity of tooth, delayed tooth eruption, yes, yes

31
Q

what does too much fluoride do?

A

dental fluorosis-staining of teeth

32
Q

Lack of fluoride leads to ____. data? carries?

A

decreased tooth stability, yes, yes

33
Q

Lack of iron leads to ___. data? carries?

A

salivary gland dysfunction, no, yes

34
Q

What are some environmental influences on tooth development?

A

lead-carries
nicotine-carries
tetracycline-staining
fluoride-fluorosis

35
Q

What does a firm diet affect?

A

growth of mandible, maxilla, and proper tooth eruption

36
Q

How much more intake does a pregnant women need? lactating women?

A

300 kcal, 10-15 g protein, fluids and Calcium up

500 kcal, 15 g protein, fluids and calcium up

37
Q

What does folic acid do? Where is it found? How much is recommedned?

A

prevent cleft, leafy vegetables, fortified cereal, citrus fruit, legumes. 400 mcg

38
Q

What type of vitamin is Folic acid? water soluble?

A

valin, yes

39
Q

The energy needs of an infant are ___ times an adults

A

2-4 times

40
Q

Specific ____ can affect ____ development

A

nutrients, salivary

41
Q

Nutritional defects affect:

A
  • Alveolar bone integrity
  • Collagen formation of soft tissue
  • Delayed tooth eruption
  • Tooth size and eruption sequence

DHHD1 (9 decks)

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