Nutrients and Oral Health Flashcards
Where are the earliest signs of nutritional disorder found?
oral cavity
What is the turnover time for oral soft tissue?
3-7 days
What does swollen/bleeding gums indicate?
Vitamin C deficiency
What does Cheliosis, angular stomatitis indicate?
Riboflavin, vitamin B6 iron deficiency
What does glossitis indicate?
Folate, niacin deficiency
What does inflamed/sore tongue indicate?
Riboflavin, niacin, B6/B12, iron deficiency
What does Xerostomia (dry mouth) indicate?
Diabetes Mellitus
What does a taste perception change indicate?
vitamin A deficiency
What does dysphagia (difficult swallowing) indicate?
iron deficiency
______ is a pattern of individual food intake, eating habits, and kinds and amounts of foods eaten
diet
______ :science of how the body uses food; physical and biological activity necessary to maintain life
nutrition
_____: Chemical components of foods
nutrients
What are essential nutrients?
must be provided by diet, body cannot synthesize
What are non essential nutrients?
can be eliminated from diet without adverse consequences
______: definition of nutrient undergoing major reassessment; phytochemicals are biologically active compounds found in food
non nutrients
What are your macro nutrients?
protein, carbohydrate, fat
What are your micro nutrients?
vitamins, minerals
What are 3 non nutrients?
organic chemical compounds, non-nutritive sweeteners, phytonutrients
What are non-nutritive sweeteners?
sugar substitutes, stevia,agave (cariostatic sugar substitutes)
What are phytonutrients?
non-nutrient plant chemicals that contain protective, disease preventing compounds
______ are available in food supply that are thought to enhance health but are not essential to life. A type of non nutrient
organic chemical compounds
What is the largest source of protein?
muscle
_____ is unique to amino acids
nitrogen
• ______ is the 2nd largest energy source for body after adipose tissue
protein
What structural role does protein play in the oral cavity?
for collagen
Protein plays a role in _____ and ____ access to other molecules
binding and controlling
What are dispensable(non essential) amino acids?
human beings can make more than 1/2 of the amino acids required through carbs or other metabolic intermediates
What are indispensable(essential) amino acids?
9 of 20 amino acids cannot be made my body, derived from food
What is RDA of protein for adults?
• Healthy adults: RDA is 0.8 g/kg (higher needs for infants, children, and pregnancy)
What percent of calories obtained from proteins?
15%
What does protein deficiency in the 1st year of life lead to?
• PROTEIN DEFICIENCY IN 1ST YEAR OF LIFE LEADS TO DELAYED PRIMARY TOOTH ERUPTION, DELAYED LOSS OF PRIMARY TEETH
What are the implication of proteins to dentistry?
growth and development of oral tissues and structures, increase susceptibility to infections, excess can reduce calcium retention
What is the primary source of energy for body metabolism?
carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are essential for _______ tissues functions
brain and nervous
Carbohydrates are used to spare _____
protein
Which are better for oral cavity: complex or simple carbs?
complex
Carbs are Required for proper _____ metabolism
fat
examples of Carbs as Structural compounds in the body
(chondroitin sulfate, foundation for collagen)
Fiber is used for energy T/F
false
Why is fiber important in the oral cavity?
promotes salivary gland production
Fiber stimulates the ____ tract
GI
Why is saliva important?
maintains oral pH, pushes away sticky product, has enzyme that protects oral cavity
Fats are _____ dense. a major source of ____
calorically, energy
Fats maintain
body insulation, temperature
which fats are used for hydrogenation used to turn polyunsaturated FA into more spreadable products, many animal products, risk for CVD?
saturated fatty acids
Monounsaturated fatty acids are recommended for ____
heart health
where are monounsaturated acids found?
olive, canola, peanut oil, almonds, avocado
What are the 2 classes of polyunsaturated fatty acids?
omega 3, omega 6
Omega 3 is considered an _____
anti inflammatory
Trans fatty acids are chemicals. T/F
True
Body can manufacture all cholestrol needed
True
How much cholesterol comes from diet?
1/3
Fats Have ______ effect due to antibacterial properties
cariostatic
Fats add what to tooth surface?
protective layer
What do omega 3 and 6 benefit?
periodontal disease
which minerals are for Bone/teeth, muscle and nerve function?
i. Calcium:
ii. Magnesium
iii. Phosphorus
iv. Fluoride
which minerals are for fluid balance?
i. Chloride
ii. Potassium
iii. Sodium
What else does Calcium do?
regulation of ion transport, muscle/nerve activity, aids in blood coagulation, enzyme cofactor, synthesis and release of neurotransmitters
