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AUDIOLOGY > Pediatric Audiology > Flashcards

Pediatric Audiology Flashcards

1
Q

At what age does Pediatric Audiology begins?

A

Age 5 & under

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2
Q

At age 5, what type of testing can the child experience? & what type of cognitive function must be present?

A

Handing raising, button pressing etc for those with normal cognitive function

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3
Q

Hearing loss is the…

A

Sixth most prevalent chronic condition in the US

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4
Q

Since we can’t get a threshold as yet, what do we get?

A

A Minimum Response Level (MRL)

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5
Q

What is a minimum response level? & can it be above actual threshold?

A

Intensity at which reliable response is provided. Yes

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6
Q

What makes a Pediatric Audiologist?

A
  1. Flexibility
  2. Alert
  3. Engaging
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7
Q

What are the types of Newborn Hearing Screening?

A
  1. Universal Newborn Hearing Screening

2. Selective Screening Based on High-Risk Registry

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8
Q

What is Universal Newborn Hearing Screening?

A

Where every newborn is screened before leaving the hospital

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9
Q

What is Selective Screening based on High-Risk Registry?

A

Babies are screened based on a list of indicators for risk of hearing loss

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10
Q

What’s the issue with using Selective Screening based on High-Risk Registry?

A

If we use it alone, we’ll miss 50% of congenital hearing losses

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11
Q

What are the high-risk indictors?

A
  1. Concerns from parents
  2. Family history of permanent childhood HL
  3. NICU > 5days
  4. In utero infection
  5. Craniofacial abnormalities
  6. Syndromes associated with HL
  7. Neurodegenerative disorders
  8. Post-natal infections associated w/HL
  9. Head trauma
  10. Chemotherapy
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12
Q

When does the usage of High-Risk Registry come into play?

A

For those who have a progressive hearing loss

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13
Q

Newborn hearing screening is done by…

A

Trained technicians, nurses & audiologist oversees screening program

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14
Q

What is used for diagnostic purposes?

A

ABR & OAE

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15
Q

What is the concern with using ABR?

A

The stimulus is often a click so it’s not frequency specific

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16
Q

For newborns & using the ABR, what should we keep in mind?

A

When we should expect gestational norms and when we should expect chronological norms since the maturation of the auditory nervous system would differ in premature infants

17
Q

What’s the best way to screen newborns for diagnostic?

A

Combination of OAE/ABR to ensure we don’t miss anything

18
Q

What are some problems to consider for Newborn Hearing Screening?

A
  1. Method of screening/person performing screening
  2. Baby must be quiet
  3. Environment must be relatively quiet
  4. Conductive component can cause referral
  5. Four million infants born in US each year
  6. Four million infants born in US each year
  7. Who is telling parents results/what are they saying?
  8. Coordination of follow up appointments
19
Q

When does a diagnostic of ABR/OAE occur?

A

After we identify someone that did not pass the screening

20
Q

Why do we use a diagnostic ABR/OAE?

A

For children who have a hearing loss before they are old enough to participate in behavioral testing

21
Q

When does a diagnostic ABR/OAE begins?

A

Usually, <6mos

22
Q

Diagnostic ABR/OAE helps with

A

Identifying thresholds and type of hearing loss

23
Q

What is behavioral Testing? & what ages can it be used on?

A

Behavioral Observation Audiometry (BOA) observes changes in child’s behavior with introduction to sound

24
Q

Why isn’t BOA not commonly used?

A

It’s too subjective to be used clinically

25
Q

With using BOA what should audiologist do?

A

Combine principles of BOA with other more proven methods to provide additional information

26
Q

BOA should…

A

Never be used independently & should be reported with caution

27
Q

What is another type of Behavioral Testing?

A

Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA)

28
Q

What is VRA

A

Trains child to turn their head towards a reinforcer

29
Q

When do you know the child is able to use VRA?

A

If child can sit on parents lap (around 6 mos)

30
Q

For VRA, what is the role of parent?

A
  1. Parent cannot give any cues

2. Dangling Task: Must redirect child to center to observe true head turns toward reinforcer

31
Q

What is the concern with VRA’s?

A

After two years, kids are too old to hold attention to this task but are too young for conditioned play audiometry

32
Q

What is another type of Behavioral Testing?

A

Conditioned Play Audiometry (CPA)

33
Q

What is CPA?

A

A child is conditioned to perform a play task when a sound is heard

34
Q

Which behavioral testing is common for Pediatric Audiology?

A

CPA for 2-5 years

35
Q

What is another type of behavioral testing?

A

Speech Audiometry

36
Q

For Speech Audiometry, what two are our focus?

A
  1. SRT - Speech Recognition Words (spondee words)

2. WRS - Monosyllabic words presented at supra-thresholds

37
Q

What are non-behavioral measures?

A

Tympanometry & ABR & OAE (helpful for children that can’t be conditioned to behavioral responses)

AUDIOLOGY (17 decks)

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