PEDIA Flashcards
Refers to the PHYSICAL change and QUANTITATIVE increase in size of the whole body or any of its parts
GROWTH
When is growth MOST RAPID?
INFANCY
When does a GROWTH SPURT occur?
DURING ADOLESCENCE
Refers to changes that mark an increase in function, complexity and PROGRESSION OF SKILL; It is QUALITATIVE
DEVELOPMENT
Involves intrinsic processes of development that are genetically and organically PROGRAMMED
MATURATION
Psychosexual Stage:
Child learns sexual identity through awareness of GENITAL AREA
PRESCHOOL - PHALLIC STAGE
Psychosexual Stage:
Child learns to control URINATION and DEFECATION
TODDLER - ANAL STAGE
Psychosexual Stage:
Develops SEXUAL MATURITY and learns to establish satisfactory relationships with the opposite sex
ADOLESCENT - GENITAL AGE
Psychosexual Stage:
Child explores the world using MOUTH
INFANTS - ORAL STAGE
Psychosexual Stage:
Childs PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT appears to be non-active or dormant
SCHOOL AGE - LATENT STAGE
What should you do for an infant during the ORAL STAGE?
MEET ORAL NEEDS
- Provide safe and washable toys such as a PACIFIER
- FEED ON DEMAND
When oral feeding is CONTRAINDICATED in an infant, what should you do?
PROVIDE PACIFIER!
R: Feeding is contraindicated but SUCKING is not
Type of Fear and Play:
Infancy
STRANGER ANXIETY
SOLITARY PLAY
Type of Fear and Play:
Toddler
SEPARATION ANXIETY
PARALLEL PLAY
Type of Fear and Play:
Preschool Period
MUTILATION AND CASTRATION
ASSOCIATIVE AND IMMITATION
Type of Fear and Play:
School Age Period
DISPLACEMENT FROM SCHOOL
COOPERATIVE PLAY
Type of Fear and Play:
Adolescence
DISPLACEMENT FROM PEERS
ATHLETIC AND SPORTS
What stage of Growth and Development wherein NEGATIVISM is most prominent?
TODDLER
What should you do to for a NEGATIVISTIC child?
OFFER CHOICES; AVOID USING CLOSE-ENDED QUESTIONS
Emotional attachment of a preschool boy to mother
OEDIPUS COMPLEX
Emotional attachment of a preschool girl to father
ELECTRA COMPLEX
Preschool Period:
Children look at an object and see only ONE characteristic
(Ex. Banana is yellow but they do not notice it is also long)
CENTERING
Preschool Period:
Perceive animals and inanimate objects of having THOUGHTS and FEELINGS
MAGICAL THINKING
Preschool Period:
Perceiving that one’s thoughts and feelings are BETTER or MORE IMPORTANT
EGOCENTRISM
When does the Anterior Fontanelle close?
12-18 MONTHS
What is the SHAPE of the Anterior Fontanelle?
DIAMOND
When does the Posterior Fontanelle close?
2-3 MONTHS
What is the SHAPE of the Posterior Fontanelle?
TRIANGLE
Undescended Testes
CRYPTORCHIDISM
During the FIRST STAGE of Labor what is recommended for the mother to do in order to REDUCE LENGTH OF LABOR?
WALKING AND KEEPING UPRIGHT POSITION
Recommended position during pushing in Labor
SEMI UPRIGHT POSITION
R: Enhances descent of the fetal head because of the additional effect of gravity
Should you BATHE the baby immediately after delivery?
NO! ONLY DRY
When drying the baby, do you REMOVE the vernix caesosa?
NO BECAUSE THIS PROVIDES NATURAL PROTECTIVE COVER FOR THE NEWBORN
How do you clean the Umbilicus of a newborn?
CLEANSING WITH COOLED BOILED WATER and LEAVING UMBILICUS UNCOVERED
Where do you place the IDENTIFICATION BAND of a newborn?
ANKLE
How long should Unang Yakap last?
90 MINUTES
Congenital defect wherein there is an INCOMPLETE CLOSURE of the SPINAL COLUMN due to one or two missing vertebral arches; SAC-LIKE structure or dimpling
SPINAL BIFIDA
What causes Spinal Bifida?
DEFICIENCY IN FOLIC ADIN OF THE MOTHER DURING PREGNANCY
MOST SEVERE FORM of Spina Bifida
MENINGOMYELOCELE
Excess of CSF in the ventricles of the SUBARACHNOID SPACE
HYDROCEPHALUS
What are the possible CAUSES of excess CSF?
- OVERPRODUCTION OF FLUID BY CHOROIDS
- OBSTRUCTION OF PASSAGE OF FLUID
- INTERFERENCE WITH THE ABSROPTION
Symptom of Hydrocephalus:
Brow bulges
BOSSING SIGN
Symptom of Hydrocephalus:
Bones of the head are widely separated that produces a CRACKED POT SOUND upon percussion
MACAWEN’S SIGN
SURGICAL TREATMENT for Hydrocephalus
SURGICAL SHUNTING
- Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
- Atrioventricular Shunt
- Ventriculoreteral Shunt
POSTOPERATIVE POSITION after Surgical Shunting for Hydrocephalus
POSITION CHILD ON THE UNOPERATED SIDE
R: To prevent pressure on the shunt valve
If there is INCREASED ICP post op from Surgical Shunting of Hydrocephalus, what should you do?
ELEVATE HEAD OF BED TO 15 TO 30 DEGREES
R: To enhance gravity flow through the shunt
DRUG OF CHOICE for Bacterial Meningitis or Encephalitis
PENICILLIN G
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE for Bacterial meningitis and Encephalitis
LUMBAR PUNCTURE