Pedia Flashcards
Newborn vital signs
Heart rate: 120-140 bpm
Respiratory rate: 30-60 breaths/minute with periods of
apnea.
Transfers an object from hand-to-hand
7 months
Putting his feet to his mouth when lying in supine
5 months
Displays anxiety with strangers
Able to sit without support
8 months
Blood pressure is taken as a routine part of the vital signs at
the age of.
3 years old
Teaching as to when will be the cord separation
10-14 days
Signs of cord infection
Red and swollen around the cord
Discharges that is purulent and malodorous
Oozes yellowish pus
Continues to bleed
Teaching on when to remove safely the cord clamp?
For at least 24 hours if no oozing is noted.
Types of circumcision:
Gomco technique, Mogen clamp, and plastibell
procedure.
Post circumcision, the Plastibell falls by itself
Usually about a week (5 to 8 days)
Assessment to a newborn post circumcision
Assess for bleeding, swelling, and wait to urinate
before discharging the neonate.
Describe stools of a breast-fed baby
Golden yellow, mushy, more frequent
Describe stools of a formula/milk-fed baby
Pale yellow, firm, putty-like,
Newborn not infected from mother with HIV
If the baby isn’t infected, he or she will lose the
mother’s antibodies and start to test negative for HIV
sometime between 6 and 18 months of age.
Fifth disease
Erythema Infectiosum
Signs of newborn with hypoglycemia
Jitteriness, tremors, weak cry, lethargy,
Poor feeding, Floppy posture, possibly seizures
Signs of newborn that is withdrawing form drugs.
High-pitched cry, shrill cry, irritable, fist sucking.
Signs of cord infection.
Redness (erythema), malodorous, and purulent
discharge.
Commonly affected brought by acute rheumatic fever.
Mitral valve
Describe the characteristic cough of croup
Bark-like or barky cough
Expiratory grunting
An abnormal breath sounds when an infant breathes
out against a closed glottis.
Low set ears are commonly seen in?
Down Syndrome
Treatment used in diabetes insipidus
DDAVP (Desmopressin) is administered in the evening to prevent
night time water craving and enuresis.
In hyperthyroidism, what serum level is increased?
High circulating level of T4
Treatment for congenital hip dysplasia during neonatal
age.
Pavlik harness
holding hips in wide abduction
Sign to report as increased intracranial pressure.
Widened, tense, and bulging fontanel
Rota virus is primarily spread by.
Fecal-oral route (contact isolation)
Hemolytic disease in newborn is caused by?
Rh and ABO incompatibility
Initial feeding given to a newborn is usually
50 to 60ml
TPN in newborn is administered thru
Indwelling cath superior vena cava and umbilical
artery. For stimulation, newborn is provided with a
pacifier (nonnutritive sucking).
Nipple feeding is usually avoided in the newborn with
respiratory rate greater than?
60/minute because of the increased danger of pulmonary aspiration (gavage feeding preferred)
SGA is primarily caused by
Placental insufficiency
Phototherapy is required if serum bilirubin result is
13 mg/100 m in full term infant
5mg less than is normal
Phototherapy is required in premature infant with bilirubin
15 mg /100ml in premature infant
Morethan 5 is abnormal
Developmental growth when child comes to sit and crawls
8 months
Chills in newborn may result
Metabolic acidosis and hypoglycemia
Zidovudine (Retrovir)
Can reduce the rate of passing HIV from mother to
baby by two-thirds.
Zidovudine slows the growth of the virus.
Breast feeding HIV mother to recommend.
HIV can be passed to the baby through breast milk, it’s
better to bottle feed your baby if you are infected
with HIV.
Adverse side effects of phototherapy
Dehydration
Child does not cry when IV is inserted
Highly suspicious of child abuse
Dehydration assessment
Check for urine out put
HCG is used to treat pediatric cases of.
Undescended testis
To administer oral Iron
Use straw and give Vitamin C to aid in absorption
Management for toxic iron ingestion (drug)
Desferal (deferoxamine)
Most common illness in Cystic fibrosis
Respiratory infections and bronchiectasis due to
altered viscosity of mucus may cause atelectasis due
to tenacious mucus. Affecting digestive system too.
Infertility mostly in males (congenital absence of vas
deferens.
Gland involved in cystic fibrosis
Exocrine gland (pancreas and liver), in cystic fibrosis, pancreas is involved secreting pancreatic enzyme
Diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis (CF)
Sweat Chloride test (pilocapine iontophoresis)
Cystic fibrosis (background knowledge)
- Pancreatic enzymes inability to reach the
duodenum, causing impairment of digestion and
impairment of nutrients. Viscous, tenacious, thick
mucus causing atelectasis, emphysema, abdominal
distention - Is an autosomal recessive trait.
Developmental stage of 7 mos. Old child
Can transfer object from hand to hand and sit alone wl
out support.
Chelating agent is indicated in?
Lead poisoning
Acute Glomerulo Nephritis (AGN)
Is a result of an antigen-antibody response to bacteria
beta-hemolytic streptococci
Bacteria associated with glomerulonephritis
Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
Diet prescribed to a client with AGN
Decreased sodium intake,
Fluid restriction if urine output is decreased
Antecedent of glomerulonephritis
Throat infection
Age group commonly afflicted with AGN
Common in children
Lead poisoning (windowsills, stair rails) Ingest flakes, of paint, putty,
Plumbism
Electrolyte imbalance associated with Salicylates poisoning.
Hypokalemia due to renal tubular mechanism.
The most widely used antidote for iron, arsenic, mercury,
antimony, and gold poisoning.
A chelating agent
Dimercaprol or Deporoxamine (Desferal)
Respiratory center is affected in aspirin overdose yields to
Metabolic alkalosis (due to elimination of carbon dioxide)
Projectile vomiting, has olive-size bulge under right ribcage
Pyloric stenosis
In giving enema in infants, to avoid the danger of water
intoxication, do not use.
Tap water and soap suds but may use mineral oil or
isotonic saline
A condition with Vitamin ADEK deficiency and failure to thrive
Celiac disease
A condition commonly associated with cystic fibrosis and
celiac disease with “currant-jelly” stool
Intussusception
Blood gas disorder associated with pyloric stenosis
Metabolic alkalosis
A condition mainly in boys and associated with Down’s syndrome wherein the colon dilates as stool is impacted
Hirschsprung’s disease
What to check before administering MMR
Allergy to eggs and should be skin tested first for
sensitivity. MMR vaccine contains eggs.
