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Bullets > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

Locate pulses

A

Temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral,
popliteal, posterior tibia, and dorsalis pedis

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2
Q

Objective symptom indicating fluid volume overload

A

Jugular venous distention

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3
Q

Drug of choice in severe CHF

A

Jugular venous distention
Lasix (furosemide) /atiu he fies
Monitor potassium, intake and output
(Hypokalemia may precipitate digitalis toxicity)

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4
Q

Enzyme associated with CHF

A

Beta Type natriuretic Peptide (BNP), is a blood test.

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5
Q

Normal BNP level

A

Less than 50 to 100 pg/ml..
A result greater than 100 pg/mL is
Abnormal.

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6
Q

Normal ejection fraction

A

50% or greater

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7
Q

Mainstay treatment in congestive heart failure (CHF).

A

Diuretics (Lasix or Demadex, or Bumex).

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8
Q

Indication of Digoxin (Lanoxin)

A

To treat CHF and to decrease the SA to AV node
conduction to slow ventricular tachyarrhythmia (atrial
fibrillation/ atrial flutter).

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9
Q

Initial symptom of Digoxin toxicity

A

Anorexia

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10
Q

Other symptoms associated with digoxin toxicity

A

Nausea and vomiting, tachycardia and diarrhea.

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11
Q

Nurse alert in Digoxin management

A

Check apical pulse before administering digoxin.
Teach pt to notify MD if heart rate (full minute) is less
than 60/minute or greater than110 beats/minute.

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12
Q

Prevent hypokalemia in client taking digoxin as it will cause

A

Increasing the risk for digoxin toxicity.

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13
Q

Client on digoxin and having hyperkalemia, the effect is.

A

It diminishes the Digoxin’s (Lanoxin) effect.

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14
Q

Beta blockers such as Inderal (propanolol) and Lopressor
(metoprolol, are contraindicated in.

A

Asthma and COPD.

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15
Q

Protamine Sulfate (Protopam)

A

Side effects: Hypotension and bradycardia, if rapid
administration.
Antidote for Heparin overdose

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16
Q

Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate) is indicated to.

A

Client with hypertension.
antihypertensive with small decreasing effect on
cardiac output.

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17
Q

Use treat PVC, Acute ventricular dysrythmias

A

Lidocaine

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18
Q

Cardiac catheterization complication - Check for bleeding
to the distal site.

A

Check for the bleeding site and distal circulation
Compare distal pulses.

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19
Q

Location of apical pulse

A

4th hand, 5th intercostals space midclavicular line

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20
Q

Risk with pacemaker

A

Electronic article surveillance (EAS) and metal
detector

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21
Q

Does not affect the pulse generator with microwave
oven. Not allowed to have MRI.

A

Pacemaker

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22
Q

Determines myocardial perfusion to the heart muscle during rest? Usually done along with an exercise stress test on a treadmill or bicycle.

A

Thallium test

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23
Q

Thallium preparation

A

Prior to procedure
No coffee or tea or stimulants x 12 hours.
No beta-blockers x24 hours before the procedure.
No theophylline for 36 hours prior to procedure.

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24
Q

When on a Holter monitor.

A

Avoid taking tub baths. Avoid getting the monitor wet.

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25
Q

Side effects of digitalis

A

Nausea, vomiting, progressing to anorexia, blurring of
vision.

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26
Q

Sensory changes related to digitalis toxicity

A

Halos, diplopia, colored vision, bind spots,
Blurring of vision, flashing of lights

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27
Q

Location of apical pulse

A

4th hand. 5th intercostals space midclavicular line
and auscultated in one full minute

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28
Q

Digoxin is held in adult client when apical heart rate is
in infant and young children
in older children

A

Adult - Less than 60/minute
Infant - Less than 90 to 110 beats/minute
Older children- Less than 70/minute

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29
Q

When to administer digoxin in “pediatrics”

A

An hour before feeding or 2 hours after feeding

30
Q

Caution to patient on digitalis

A

Hypokalemia predisposition increases toxicity, check
for serum K level

31
Q

Cardura (doxazosin)

A

Alpha-blocker-antihypertensive also used for BPH

32
Q

Flushed face, headache faintness, postural
hypotension

A

S/E of nitroglycerin

33
Q

Hyperstat (Diazoxide)

A

Administered IV in hypertensive crisis and may cause
hyperglycemia

34
Q

A drug use to treat angina, increases oxygen to myocardium

A

Nitroglycerine (sublingual, intravenous, patch, or
paste).

35
Q

Signs and symptom of hypovolemia

A

Increased pulse, respiratory rate, and decreased BP

36
Q

Side effects of Reserpine

A

Dry mouth, nasal stuffiness, dizziness, and decreased
mental acuity

37
Q

Action of Inderal

A

Decreases cardiac rate & contractility

38
Q

Side effects of Lidocaine

A

Drowsiness, slurred speech, blurred vision, seizure,
and coma.

39
Q

Side effects of Propanolol (Inderal)

A

Lethargy, fatigue, and hypotension
(non-selective beta-blocker)
May worsen myasthenia gravis
Contraindicated in Asthma and COPD

40
Q

Clonidine (catapres) side effect

A

Dryness of the mouth due to decreased salivary flow

41
Q

A diagnostic tool in assessing fluid volume excess or deficit

A

Central Venous Pressure

42
Q

A decrease VP measurement reflects

A

Hypotension (sepsis, drugs, neurogenic)

43
Q

CV measurement reflects?

A

Pressure of the right atrium.

44
Q

Normal value CVP

A

5-10 mmHg.

45
Q

Common cause of carcinogenic shock

A

Left ventricular failure

46
Q

Nitroglycerine is administered

A

Sublingually every 5 minutes. Use 3 doses until
chest pain is relieved.

47
Q

Antihypertensive IV drug that is sensitive to light

A

Nitroprusside (Nipride), over IV tubing and container

48
Q

Dyazide effect

A

May rise potassium level (hyperkalemia)

49
Q

Lisinopril is an ACE and the effect may impair?

A

Functions of the kidney.

50
Q

Questran(Cholecystyramine)

A

Taken with meals, may cause constipation
Questran is a bile acid sequestrant. ( lower your LDL, bad cholesterol.
Administer an hour before or 4-6 hours after other
medication to avoid blocking absorption.

51
Q

Monitor hyperkalemia on client receiving antidiuretic.
Following potassium sparing diuretics.

A

Aldactone (spironolactone) Dyrenium (triamterene)
Midamor (amiloride)

52
Q

Closure of “mitral and tricuspid valves”, occurring during ventricular systole. Located near the apex of the heart over the mitral area.

A

S1 heart sound.

53
Q

S1 is Closure of _______ and _____occurring during ventricular systole. Located near the apex of the heart over the mitral area

A

Mitral and tricuspid valves.

54
Q

S1 Closure of “mitral and tricuspid valves”, occurring during _____. Located near the apex of the heart over the mitral area

A

Ventricular systole

55
Q

S1 is Closure of “mitral and tricuspid valves”, occurring during ventricular systole. Located near the ___ of the heart over the ____ area

A

Apex, mitral

56
Q

Closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves * Located near the heart’s base over the pulmonic area or Erb’s point.

A

S2

57
Q

S2 is Closure of the ____ and _____ valves * Located near the heart’s base over the pulmonic area or Erb’s point.

A

Pulmonic and aortic valves,

58
Q

S2 is Closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves * Located near the heart’s ___ over the ____ area or Erb’s point.

A

Heart, pulmonic

59
Q

Ventricular filling heart sounds?

A

S3

60
Q

Hyper stat ( Diazoxide) indicated for malignant ___, hypertensive crisis.

A

Hypertension

61
Q

Indicated for malignant hypertension,hypertensive crisis.

A

Hyper stat ( Diazoxide)

62
Q

Indicated for those who are unable to tolerate ACE inhibitors, “pril”

A

Micardis (telmisartan)

63
Q

Micardis (telmisartan) Indicated for those who are unable to tolerate ___________.

A

to tolerate ACE inhibitors, “pril”

64
Q

Isuprel (isoproterenol) action? Enhancing ____ and bronchial ____.

A

Pacemaker, dilatation.

65
Q

Isuprel (isoproterenol) action? Enhancing ____ and bronchial dilatation.

A

Pacemaker

66
Q

Isuprel (isoproterenol) action? Enhancing pacemaker and ______ dilatation.

A

Bronchial

67
Q

Cardiac catheterization complication? Check for ____ to the distal site.

A

Bleeding.

68
Q

Cardiac catheterization complication? Check for bleeding to the ____ site.

A

Distal

69
Q

A low level radiation being GIVEN off by the Technetium labeled red cells that outline the cardiac chambers. Is able to measure the ejection fraction Mainly the LEFT Ventricles.

A

MUGA SCAN ( Multiple gated acquisition scan)

70
Q

MUGA Scan ( multiple gated acquisition scan)
A low level radiation being GIVEN off by the Technetium labeled red cells that outline the cardiac chambers. Is able to measure the ejection fraction Mainly the _______ ventricles.

A

Left ventricles

71
Q
A

Bullets (23 decks)

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