Oncology

Question 1

Adverse reactions associated with chemotherapy

Answer 1

Alopecia (from thinning hair to total loss of body hair
Nausea and vomiting
Generalized weakness, anemia
Constipation or diarrhea
Alterations in taste, mucositis, stomatitis

Question 2

Immunosuppressive drug

Answer 2

Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)

prevention and treatment of rejection of liver, renal,
and cardiac with glucocorticoids.

Question 3

Used to prevent renal transplantation rejection.
Treatment for severe, active, erosive rheumatoid
arthritis unresponsive to conventional therapy.

Answer 3

Imuran (Azathioprine)

Question 4

Prevention of heart, kidney, or liver transplant
rejection.
Used concurrently with cyclosporine and
corticosteroids.
IV is given within 24 hours of transplant.
PO is administered on an empty stomach
(an hour before meals and 3 hours post meals.

Answer 4

Cellcept (mycophenolate mofetil)

Question 5

Novaldex (tamoxifen)

Answer 5

Breast cancer drug

Side effects: hot flushes, leg cramps

Question 6

Nursing priority to report post kidney transplant.

Answer 6

Fever and other signs of infection.

Question 7

What will prevent the increased uric acid levels occurring

while pt is on chemotherapy of prednisone and vincristine?

Answer 7

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

Question 8

What will prevent the increased uric acid levels occurring

while pt is on chemotherapy of prednisone and vincristine?

Answer 8

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

Question 9

Neupogen (filgrastim)
is a growth factor that stimulates the production, maturation
and activation of and release of neutrophils.

Answer 9

Neutropenia
Indication: receiving cancer therapy, bone marrow
transplant.

Question 10

Alopecia while on chemotherapy

Answer 10

Is reversible such as hair, eyebrows, eyelashes,
nasal and pubic hair.
NURSE ALERT: Wash hair every 2-4 days with mild
shampoo and cooling compress before IV
chemotherapy.

Question 11

Procedure during Intravesical chemotherapy

Answer 11

Insertion of Foley catheter, instill the drug thru the
catheter, clamped catheter for 2 hours, positioning
required (supine, prone, side to side) every 15-30
minutes x2 hours. Clamp is released after2 hours.
Encourage patient to take 2 glasses of water to flush
the drug out of the bladder.

Question 12

Nursing care client with stomatitis on chemotherapy

Answer 12

Provide good oral hygiene

Question 13

Radiation in mammogram

Answer 13

Low dosage of radiation, procedure takes 10-15
minutes to complete the test, no powder, and
deodorant prior to application.

Question 14

Female with small breast for mammogram

Answer 14

It could be done, even for male client.

Question 15

Instruction to breast feeding mother prior to mammogram

Answer 15

Pumped out breast milk 1.5 hours prior to

mammogram.

Question 16

Highly potential for testicular cancer in order of highest risk.

Answer 16

1. Age (18 -40 years) and race
2. History of undescended testis
3. Family history of testicular cancer

Question 17

Methotrexate (antineoplastic, antimetabolite, antipsoriasis)

Answer 17

Route: IV. IM. PO, IT (intrathecal)
Nurse alert: nephrotoxicity
overdose: administer Leucovorin (to decrease toxic
effect)
Side effects: Ulcerative stomatitis, leukopenia,
nausea, malaise, and fatigue.

Question 18

Vincristine (Oncovin)

Answer 18

Route: IV
Nurse alert: assess for neurotoxicity
asses for numbness and constipation

Question 19

Post biopsy alert

Answer 19

1. Apply pressure for 5-10 minutes to prevent
   bleeding.
2. Assess for bleeding and discomforts from the
   punctured site
3. Report any bleeding and hematoma formation to
   the site several days after the biopsy procedure.

Question 20

What is COX-2 selective inhibitor?

Answer 20

Is a form of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID) that directly targets COX-2, an enzyme
responsible for inflammation and pain. Selectivity for
COX-2 reduces the risk of peptic ulceration

Question 21

What are your COX-2 inhibitors?

Answer 21

Celecoxib (Celebrex) also used as anticancer.
Valdecoxib (Bextra) withdrawn off of the market in
2005 (due to MI, stroke, and thrombosis)
Rofecoxib (Vioxx) withdrawn off of the market in
2004 (due to MI, stroke, and thrombosis)

Question 22

Indication of Gardasil (etanercept)

Answer 22

To prevent cervical cancer.

Question 23

Schedule of Gardasil injections

Etanercept

Answer 23

Series of 3 injections

Day 1, 30th day, and 6th months (final dose)

Question 24

Side Effects of Gardasil?

Etanercept

Answer 24

Headache, fever, dizziness, nausea and vomiting
Pain, swelling, bruising and redness at the injection
site. Possible near syncope.