Oncology Flashcards
Adverse reactions associated with chemotherapy
Alopecia (from thinning hair to total loss of body hair
Nausea and vomiting
Generalized weakness, anemia
Constipation or diarrhea
Alterations in taste, mucositis, stomatitis
Immunosuppressive drug
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
prevention and treatment of rejection of liver, renal,
and cardiac with glucocorticoids.
Used to prevent renal transplantation rejection.
Treatment for severe, active, erosive rheumatoid
arthritis unresponsive to conventional therapy.
Imuran (Azathioprine)
Prevention of heart, kidney, or liver transplant
rejection.
Used concurrently with cyclosporine and
corticosteroids.
IV is given within 24 hours of transplant.
PO is administered on an empty stomach
(an hour before meals and 3 hours post meals.
Cellcept (mycophenolate mofetil)
Novaldex (tamoxifen)
Breast cancer drug
Side effects: hot flushes, leg cramps
Nursing priority to report post kidney transplant.
Fever and other signs of infection.
What will prevent the increased uric acid levels occurring
while pt is on chemotherapy of prednisone and vincristine?
Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
What will prevent the increased uric acid levels occurring
while pt is on chemotherapy of prednisone and vincristine?
Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
Neupogen (filgrastim)
is a growth factor that stimulates the production, maturation
and activation of and release of neutrophils.
Neutropenia
Indication: receiving cancer therapy, bone marrow
transplant.
Alopecia while on chemotherapy
Is reversible such as hair, eyebrows, eyelashes,
nasal and pubic hair.
NURSE ALERT: Wash hair every 2-4 days with mild
shampoo and cooling compress before IV
chemotherapy.
Procedure during Intravesical chemotherapy
Insertion of Foley catheter, instill the drug thru the
catheter, clamped catheter for 2 hours, positioning
required (supine, prone, side to side) every 15-30
minutes x2 hours. Clamp is released after2 hours.
Encourage patient to take 2 glasses of water to flush
the drug out of the bladder.
Nursing care client with stomatitis on chemotherapy
Provide good oral hygiene
Radiation in mammogram
Low dosage of radiation, procedure takes 10-15
minutes to complete the test, no powder, and
deodorant prior to application.
Female with small breast for mammogram
It could be done, even for male client.
Instruction to breast feeding mother prior to mammogram
Pumped out breast milk 1.5 hours prior to
mammogram.
Highly potential for testicular cancer in order of highest risk.
- Age (18 -40 years) and race
- History of undescended testis
- Family history of testicular cancer
Methotrexate (antineoplastic, antimetabolite, antipsoriasis)
Route: IV. IM. PO, IT (intrathecal)
Nurse alert: nephrotoxicity
overdose: administer Leucovorin (to decrease toxic
effect)
Side effects: Ulcerative stomatitis, leukopenia,
nausea, malaise, and fatigue.
Vincristine (Oncovin)
Route: IV
Nurse alert: assess for neurotoxicity
asses for numbness and constipation
Post biopsy alert
- Apply pressure for 5-10 minutes to prevent
bleeding. - Assess for bleeding and discomforts from the
punctured site - Report any bleeding and hematoma formation to
the site several days after the biopsy procedure.
What is COX-2 selective inhibitor?
Is a form of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID) that directly targets COX-2, an enzyme
responsible for inflammation and pain. Selectivity for
COX-2 reduces the risk of peptic ulceration
What are your COX-2 inhibitors?
Celecoxib (Celebrex) also used as anticancer.
Valdecoxib (Bextra) withdrawn off of the market in
2005 (due to MI, stroke, and thrombosis)
Rofecoxib (Vioxx) withdrawn off of the market in
2004 (due to MI, stroke, and thrombosis)
Indication of Gardasil (etanercept)
To prevent cervical cancer.
Schedule of Gardasil injections
Etanercept
Series of 3 injections
Day 1, 30th day, and 6th months (final dose)
Side Effects of Gardasil?
Etanercept
Headache, fever, dizziness, nausea and vomiting
Pain, swelling, bruising and redness at the injection
site. Possible near syncope.
