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Pediatrics fall 2014 > Ped Hem/Onc Kate > Flashcards

Ped Hem/Onc Kate Flashcards

0
Q

peripheral pancytopenia w/ hypocellular bone marrow

A

acquired aplastic anemia

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1
Q

most common inherited anemia?

A

Congenital Aplastic Anemia- Fanconi anemia

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2
Q

defective DNA repair that is caused by genetic mutation- pancytopenia

A

congenital aplastic anemia

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3
Q

weakness, fatigue, pallor, frequent infections, purpura, petechiae, bleeding, neutropenia, low platelet count

A

acquired aplastic anemia

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4
Q

hx of pica w/ decreased serum ferritin, serum iron, increased TIBC

elevated RDW

A

iron deficiency anemia

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5
Q

megaloblastic anemia finding on peripheral smear

A

hypersegmented neutrophil

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6
Q

spherocytes on peripheral smear indicate

A

hereditary spherocytosis

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7
Q

a-thalassemia severity is related to?

A

of gene deletions

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8
Q

B-minor thalassemia presents?

A

asymptomatic, mild, microcytic hypochromic anemia

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9
Q

B-major thalassemia presents?

A

homozygous for B-globin mutation, early death

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10
Q

chronic hemolysis: pallor, fatigue, jaundice, & development of gallstones during childhood & adolescence
Pain due to vaso-occlusion

A

sickle cell

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11
Q

labs showing thrombocytopenia and/or neutropenia, followed by progression to pancytopenia

A

congenital aplastic anemia

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12
Q

short stature, cafe-au-lait spots, cephalic issues, developmental delay

A

congenital aplastic anemia

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13
Q

peripheral pancytopenia w/ hypocellular bone marrow

low reticulocyte count

A

acquired aplastic anemia

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14
Q

what is the most common anemia

A

iron deficiency anemia

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15
Q

heinz bodies on peripheral smear?

A

G6PD

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16
Q

osmotic fragility test?

A

detects elevated RBC hemolysis

for hereditary spherocytosis

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17
Q

what are the two diagostics for hereditary spherocytosis

A

spherocytes on smear

osmotic fragility test

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18
Q

lead poisoning shows what on peripheral smear?

A

basophilic stippling

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19
Q

primary polycythemia is

A

congenital erythrocytosis- elevated RBCs

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20
Q

secondary polycythemia is

A

in response to hypoxemia

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21
Q

most common cause of secondary polycythemia

A

cyanotic congenital heart disease

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22
Q

what is the most common bleeding disorder of childhood

A

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

23
Q

ITP etiology?

A

often follows viral infection

24
Q

most common inherited bleeding disorder?

A

Von Willibrand disease

25
Q

Petechiae, ecchymosis, epistaxis

A

ITP

26
Q

hemophilia A is

A

factor VIII deficiency

27
Q

hemophilia B is

A

factor IX deficiency

28
Q

which hemophilia is most common

A

A

29
Q

most common inherited thrombotic condition (in caucasians, anyways)

A

Leiden mutation

30
Q

palpable purpura on lower extremities, arthralgias, abd. pain, renal disease

A

Henonch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)

31
Q

most common small vessel vasculitis

A

HSP

32
Q

inherited thrombotic disorders (4)

A

protein C deficiency
protein S deficiency
antithrombin deficiency
Leiden mutation

33
Q

complications of thrombotic disorders

A

DVT, PE

34
Q

uncontrolled proliferation of immature lymphocytes

A

ALL

35
Q

complications of tumor lysis syndrome

A

hyperkalemia
hyperuricemia
hyperphosphatemia
—> acute renal failure

36
Q

CBC with WBC > 50,000/uL in 20% of pts

A

ALL

37
Q

25% of pts have WBC > 100,000/uL

A

AML

38
Q

Auer rods on peripheral smear indicate

A

AML

39
Q

where will you see blasts on the peripheral smear

A

ALL & AML

40
Q

Anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, relatively few blasts

A

CML

41
Q

most common solid tumor of childhood

A

brain tumor

42
Q

most common brain tumor

A

glial tumor

astrocytomas & ependymomas

43
Q

deadlier, more aggressive brain tumor

A

medulloblastoma

44
Q

malignant marker cells in Hodgkin Disease?

A

Reed-Sternberg Cells

45
Q

painless cervical or supraclavicular adenopathy, mediastinal mass, weight loss, fever, night sweats, fatigue, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly

A

Hodgkin Disease

46
Q

LAD, abd pain, fevers, cough, dyspnea, weight loss, night sweats
All developing over 1-3 weeks

A

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

47
Q

most common solid neoplasm outside the CNS

A

neuroblastoma

48
Q

labs w/ anemia & increased urinary catecholamines

A

neuroblastoma

49
Q

fever, weight loss, abdominal mass, irritability, bone pain, hematuria, HTN

A

nephroblastoma

50
Q

nighttime bone pain

A

Ewing’s Sarcoma

51
Q

most common soft tissue sarcoma in kids

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

52
Q

enlarging abdomen, elevated aFP

A

hepatic tumor

53
Q

bone tumor that occurs most often in the pelvis, long bones

minority in soft tissue

A

Ewing’s Sarcoma

54
Q

normal platelet count
elevated PT, aPTT
decreased fibrinogen

A

liver disease

55
Q

weakness, fatigue, purpura, petechiae, frequent infections, bleeding

A

acquired aplastic anemia

Pediatrics fall 2014 (9 decks)

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