Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pediatrics fall 2014 > Hemotology/Oncology > Flashcards

Hemotology/Oncology Flashcards

0
Q
  • 90% spont remission
  • PREDNISONE!!! if non-life threatening bleeding (for auto-immune)
  • Splenectomy = life saving
  • IV immunoglobulin (IVIG)
A

Tx for Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

OFTEN AFTER VIRAL INFECTION!!!
Sx: petechiae, ecchymosis, epistaxis
Dx: Thrombocytopenia = low platelet count (t clot
WBC,Hgb, PT, aPPT = normal

A

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most common bleeding d/o in kids 2-5 yo

Dx of exclusion

A

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Immune attack of platelets -> decrease platelet life, often after VIRUS infection

A

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Von Willebrand Dz

A

dec’d or impaired vWF doesn’t bind to Factor VIII -> no platelet plug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PT/aPPT/Platelets = normal
Prolonged bleeding time!!!!
Low vWF

A

vW Dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tx for vW Dz

A

DDAVP (type 1) (desmopressin)

vWF replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MOST COMMON INHERITED bleeding d/o among whites

A

vW Dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Factor VIII deficiency!!!
Most common!!!
bleeding into joints (spont HEMARTHROSIS)

A

Hemophilia A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

bleeding into joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

prolonged aPPT

PT, bleeding time, platelets, vWV = normal (WHY???)

A

Hemophilia A and B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Factor IX deficiency !!!

A

Hemophilia B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

infection/illness ->massive consumption of coagulation factors -> massive bleeding

A

Disseminated (wide spread) Intravascular Coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

prolonged aPPT/PT
low platelets
high D-Dimer
low fibrinogen (made in liver)

A

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Disseminated

A

wide spread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DIC Tx

A

Tx underlying cause,

FFP, replace RBC, platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

low fibrinogen =
normal platelets
prolonged PT/aPPT

A

= liver dz

+ Vit K deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MOST COMMON cause of INHERITED thrombophilia in Caucasians

A

Factor V Leiden Mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PALPABLE PURPURA on LE (but NOT due to low platelets)

arthralgias, abd pain, renal dz

A

Henoch-Schonlein Pupura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

NORMAL OR ELEVATED PLATELETS
deposition of IgA IMMUNE COMPLEXES
maybe high serum IgA
often elevated ASO (antistreptolysin O)

A

Henonch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

involves small vessels of skin, GI tract, kidneys
IgA IMMUNE COMPLEXES
preceding URI (upper resp inf: strep pharyngitis)

A

Henonch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)

21
Q

most common small vessel VASCULITIS in kids 2-7 yo

A

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)

22
Q

MOST COMMON CAUSE OF ANEMIA IN KIDS

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

23
Q

PERIPHERAL PANCYTOPENIA with hypocellular bone marrow

A

Acquired Aplastic Anemia

24
COMPLICATIONS: OVERWHELMING INFECTION, SEVERE HEMORRHAGE -> DEATH
Acquired Aplastic Anemia
25
HYPERSEGMENTED NUCLEI
Megaloblastic Anemia
26
ELEVATED RDW
Iron Deficiency Anemia
27
OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST: DETECTS INCREASE RBC HEMOLYSIS
Hereditary Spherocytosis
28
IRON MONITORING AND CHELATION
Thalassemia
29
HEINZ BODIES (denatured Hgb) in peripheral smear
G6PD Deficiency
30
``` INFARCTION CC=PAIN CHRONIC HEMOLYSIS (pallor, fatigue, jaundice, gallstones) ```
Sickle Cell Anemia
31
Complication: BACTERIAL SEPSIS in
Sickle Cell Anemia
32
BASOPHILIC STIPPLING
Lead poisoning
33
RESPONSE TO CHRONIC HYPOXEMIA | common = cyanotic congenital heart dz
Secondary Polycythemia (increased RBCs)
34
LOW RETICULOCYTE COUNT (BONE MARROW DEFECT)
acquired aplastic anemia (AAA)
35
immature/young RBCs, large size | elevated due to sickness or bleeding
reticulocytes
36
- Hx of PICA (ice clay dirt chalk) | - due to poor diet
Iron Deficiency Anemia
37
Iron Deficiency Anemia Labs
Microcytic MCV <78 Hypochromic (pale) low RDW low ferritin
38
low RDW | low Ferritin
Iron Deficiency Anemia
39
Cafe au lait spots Short micro/hydrocephaly
Congenital Aplastic Anemia (Falconi) / Bone Marrow Failure
40
Tx for Congenital Aplstic Anemia
Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)
41
Aplasia
no bone marrow (can't make RBCs)
42
``` low WBC, low neutrophils (neutropenia) low platelets (thrombocytopenia) low reticulocytes (bc bone marrow failed) ```
Acquired Aplastic Anemia (more common)
43
low MCV, small size RBCs
microcytic: Iron deficiency anemia Lead poisoning Talassemia
44
high MCV, Big RBCs
macrocytic | B12 and folate (pregs)
45
normal MCV
chronic dz anemia
46
MCV measures
abg size of RBCs in blood
47
RDW measures
variation in avg sizes of RBCs
48
size of RBCs expressed as %
Hematocrit Hct | 3x of HGb
49
Hgb
Hemoglobin [ ] in RBCs (dL0
50
SPherocytosys
SPleen

Pediatrics fall 2014 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions