Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics fall 2014 > Hemotology/Oncology > Flashcards

Hemotology/Oncology Flashcards

0
Q
  • 90% spont remission
  • PREDNISONE!!! if non-life threatening bleeding (for auto-immune)
  • Splenectomy = life saving
  • IV immunoglobulin (IVIG)
A

Tx for Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

OFTEN AFTER VIRAL INFECTION!!!
Sx: petechiae, ecchymosis, epistaxis
Dx: Thrombocytopenia = low platelet count (t clot
WBC,Hgb, PT, aPPT = normal

A

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most common bleeding d/o in kids 2-5 yo

Dx of exclusion

A

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Immune attack of platelets -> decrease platelet life, often after VIRUS infection

A

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Von Willebrand Dz

A

dec’d or impaired vWF doesn’t bind to Factor VIII -> no platelet plug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PT/aPPT/Platelets = normal
Prolonged bleeding time!!!!
Low vWF

A

vW Dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tx for vW Dz

A

DDAVP (type 1) (desmopressin)

vWF replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MOST COMMON INHERITED bleeding d/o among whites

A

vW Dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Factor VIII deficiency!!!
Most common!!!
bleeding into joints (spont HEMARTHROSIS)

A

Hemophilia A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

bleeding into joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

prolonged aPPT

PT, bleeding time, platelets, vWV = normal (WHY???)

A

Hemophilia A and B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Factor IX deficiency !!!

A

Hemophilia B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

infection/illness ->massive consumption of coagulation factors -> massive bleeding

A

Disseminated (wide spread) Intravascular Coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

prolonged aPPT/PT
low platelets
high D-Dimer
low fibrinogen (made in liver)

A

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Disseminated

A

wide spread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DIC Tx

A

Tx underlying cause,

FFP, replace RBC, platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

low fibrinogen =
normal platelets
prolonged PT/aPPT

A

= liver dz

+ Vit K deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MOST COMMON cause of INHERITED thrombophilia in Caucasians

A

Factor V Leiden Mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PALPABLE PURPURA on LE (but NOT due to low platelets)

arthralgias, abd pain, renal dz

A

Henoch-Schonlein Pupura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

NORMAL OR ELEVATED PLATELETS
deposition of IgA IMMUNE COMPLEXES
maybe high serum IgA
often elevated ASO (antistreptolysin O)

A

Henonch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

involves small vessels of skin, GI tract, kidneys
IgA IMMUNE COMPLEXES
preceding URI (upper resp inf: strep pharyngitis)

A

Henonch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)

21
Q

most common small vessel VASCULITIS in kids 2-7 yo

A

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)

22
Q

MOST COMMON CAUSE OF ANEMIA IN KIDS

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

23
Q

PERIPHERAL PANCYTOPENIA with hypocellular bone marrow

A

Acquired Aplastic Anemia

24
Q

COMPLICATIONS: OVERWHELMING INFECTION, SEVERE HEMORRHAGE -> DEATH

A

Acquired Aplastic Anemia

25
Q

HYPERSEGMENTED NUCLEI

A

Megaloblastic Anemia

26
Q

ELEVATED RDW

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

27
Q

OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST: DETECTS INCREASE RBC HEMOLYSIS

A

Hereditary Spherocytosis

28
Q

IRON MONITORING AND CHELATION

A

Thalassemia

29
Q

HEINZ BODIES (denatured Hgb) in peripheral smear

A

G6PD Deficiency

30
Q 
INFARCTION
CC=PAIN
CHRONIC HEMOLYSIS (pallor, fatigue, jaundice, gallstones)
A

Sickle Cell Anemia

31
Q

Complication: BACTERIAL SEPSIS in

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

32
Q

BASOPHILIC STIPPLING

A

Lead poisoning

33
Q

RESPONSE TO CHRONIC HYPOXEMIA

common = cyanotic congenital heart dz

A

Secondary Polycythemia (increased RBCs)

34
Q

LOW RETICULOCYTE COUNT (BONE MARROW DEFECT)

A

acquired aplastic anemia (AAA)

35
Q

immature/young RBCs, large size

elevated due to sickness or bleeding

A

reticulocytes

36
Q
  • Hx of PICA (ice clay dirt chalk)

- due to poor diet

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

37
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia Labs

A

Microcytic MCV <78
Hypochromic (pale)
low RDW
low ferritin

38
Q

low RDW

low Ferritin

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

39
Q

Cafe au lait spots
Short
micro/hydrocephaly

A

Congenital Aplastic Anemia (Falconi) / Bone Marrow Failure

40
Q

Tx for Congenital Aplstic Anemia

A

Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)

41
Q

Aplasia

A

no bone marrow (can’t make RBCs)

42
Q 
low WBC, low neutrophils (neutropenia)
low platelets (thrombocytopenia)
low reticulocytes (bc bone marrow failed)
A

Acquired Aplastic Anemia (more common)

43
Q

low MCV, small size RBCs

A

microcytic:
Iron deficiency anemia
Lead poisoning
Talassemia

44
Q

high MCV, Big RBCs

A

macrocytic

B12 and folate (pregs)

45
Q

normal MCV

A

chronic dz anemia

46
Q

MCV measures

A

abg size of RBCs in blood

47
Q

RDW measures

A

variation in avg sizes of RBCs

48
Q

size of RBCs expressed as %

A

Hematocrit Hct

3x of HGb

49
Q

Hgb

A

Hemoglobin [ ] in RBCs (dL0

50
Q

SPherocytosys

A

SPleen

Pediatrics fall 2014 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions