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Movement > Pectoral girdle and back > Flashcards

Pectoral girdle and back Flashcards

1
Q

What does the pectoral girdle consist of?

A

Clavicle, manubrium and scapula

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2
Q

Which 5 muscles attach to the scapula and stabilise the pectoral girdle posteriorly?

A

Rhomboid major and minor
Levator scapulae
Trapezius
Serratus anterior

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3
Q

What are the movements of the pectoral girdle?

A

1) Protraction/Retraction
2) Elevation/Depression
3) Upward/downward rotation (during abduction/adduction)

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4
Q

What are the 4 origins of trapezius upper fibres?

A
  • External occipital protuberance
  • Superior nuchal line
  • Ligamentum nuchae
  • Spinous processes of C7
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5
Q

Insertion: upper fibres of the trapezius?

A

Lat 1/3 of acromion process (clavicle)

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6
Q

Function: trapezius upper fibres?

A

Elevate scapula

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7
Q

Origin: middle fibres of trapezius?

A

T1-5 spinous processes

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8
Q

Insertion: middle fibres of trapezius?

A

Lat 2/3 of sup border of spine of scapula

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9
Q

Function: middle fibres of trapezius?

A

Retract scapula

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10
Q

Origin: lower fibres of trapezius?

A

T6-12 spinous processes

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11
Q

Insertion: lower fibres of trapezius?

A

Med 1/3 of spine of scapula

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12
Q

Function: lower fibres of trapezius?

A

Depress scapula

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13
Q

Function: whole trapezius muscle?

A

Rotate scapula (abduction above horizontal)

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14
Q

Innervation: trapezius?

A

Accessory nerve (XI)

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15
Q

Origin: latissimus dorsi?

A 
Spinous processes of T7-L5
Iliac crest of sacrum
Thoracolumbar fascia
Inf angle of scapula
Ribs 9-12
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16
Q

Insertion: latissimus dorsi?

A

Floor of intertubercular sulcus

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17
Q

Innervation: latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (long scapular) ; C6-8

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18
Q

Function: latissimus dorsi?

A

Adduction, med rotation and extension of humerus

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19
Q

What are the 3 deep dorsal muscles?

A
  • Levator scapulae
  • Rhomboid major
  • Rhomboid minor
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20
Q

Origin: levator scapulae?

A

C1-4 transverse processes

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21
Q

Insertion: levator scapulae?

A

Med border of scapula, sup to spine

22
Q

Function: levator scapulae?

A

Elevates scapula & rotates med

23
Q

Innervation: levator scapulae?

A

Branches from dorsal scapular nerve (C5) and ant rami c3-4

24
Q

Origin: rhomboid major?

A

T2-5 spinous processes

25
Q

Insertion: rhomboid major?

A

Med border of scapula, inf to spine

26
Q

Origin: rhomboid minor?

A

C7-T1 spinous processes (and lower ligamentum nuchae)

27
Q

Insertion: rhomboid minor?

A

Med border of scapula, at level of spine

28
Q

Innervation: rhomboid major and minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

NB. goes to 3 deep dorsal muscles

29
Q

Function: rhomboid major and minor?

A

Elevates and retracts scapula (squaring the shoulders)

30
Q

Origin: serratus anterior?

A

Ribs 1-8 (lat surface)

31
Q

Insertion: serratus anterior?

A

Med border of scapula

32
Q

Innervation: serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5-7)

33
Q

Function: serratus anterior?

A
  • Protraction of scapula (with pec. minor)
  • Rotates scapula laterally
  • Holds scapula flat against thoracic wall
34
Q

What is a winged scapula?

A

Paralysis of serratus anterrior due to damage to long thoracic nerve. Med/inf of scapula pull away from thoracic wall.

35
Q

Causes of a winged scapula

A
  • penetrating injuries (eg. knife wound, surgery)

- neuritis (nerve inflammation)

36
Q

What ribs does the scapula lie between?

A

2-7

37
Q

Which direction do the acromion and coracoid process of the scapula project?

A

Anteriorly (Acromion is more superior)

38
Q

What is the difference between the actions of the muscles that attach to the greater tuberosity and those that attach to the lesser tuberosity of humerus?

A

Greater tuberosity = lat rotators.

Lesser tuberosity = med rotators.

39
Q

Which muscle tendon crosses teres major and minor at right angles?

A

Long head of triceps brachii

40
Q

What are the 4 borders of the quadrangular space?

A

Superiorly - teres minor
Inferiorly - teres major
Medially - long head triceps brachii
Laterally - humerus

41
Q

Which artery and nerve are in the quadrangular space?

A

Axillary nerve

Posterior circumflex artery and vein

42
Q

Contraction of which 3 muscles produces protraction of the scapula?`

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

43
Q

Contraction of which 3 muscles produces retraction of the scapula

A

Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Mid fibres of trapzius

44
Q

Contraction of which 4 muscles leads to elevation of the scapula?

A

Upper fibres of trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

45
Q

Contraction of which 3 muscles leads to depression of the scapula?

A

Lower fibres of trapezius
Pectoralis minor
Latissimus dorsi

46
Q

Which 4 muscles act in elevation of the pectoral girdle?

A

Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

47
Q

Which 5 muscles act in depression of the pectoral girdle, what also plays a role?

A 
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Latissimus dorsi
Serratus anterior
Inf fibres of trapezius
48
Q

Which 3 muscles act in protraction of the pectoral girdle?

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

49
Q

Which 4 muscles act in retraction of the pectoral girdle?

A

Rhomboid major
Rhmboid minor
Latissimus dorsi
Mid fibres of trapezius

50
Q

Which 3 muscles act in upward (lateral) rotation of the pectoral girdle?

A

Sup fibres of trapezius
Serratus anterior
Inf fibres of trapezius

51
Q

Which 6 muscles act in downward (medial) rotation of the pectoral girdle, what also plays a role?

A 
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Pectoralis major 
Pectoralis minor
Latissimus dorsi

Movement (12 decks)

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