Living and clinical anatomy

Question 1

What is Allen’s test?

Answer 1

• Compress ulnar and radial arteries. Release one.
• Hand should become red
• Tests for anastomoses of radial and ulnar arteries

Question 2

What tendons mark the lateral and medial borders of the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 2

Lateral border - Extensor pollicis brevis & abductor pollicis longus tendons
Medial border - Extensor pollicis longus tendon

Question 3

What makes up the floor of the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 3

Scaphoid and trapezium

Question 4

What can be palpated in the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 4

Radial pulse

Question 5

What nerve damage causes a winged scapula?

Answer 5

Long thoracic nerve (C5-7)

Question 6

What are the 6 pulse points in the arm?

Answer 6

AXILLARY: against humerus in axilla
BRACHIAL: - midarm (BP)
-cubital fossa (med to biceps brachii tendon)
ULNAR: under lat FCU tendon
RADIAL: -dist forearm (lat to FCR)
-anatomical snuffbox

Question 7

Where does the cephalic vein originate?

Answer 7

Over anatomical snuffbox

Question 8

Where does the basilic vein originate?

Answer 8

Medial hand

Question 9

How do you test myotome C6?

Answer 9

Tap biceps tendon in cubital fossa

Question 10

How do you test myotome C7?

Answer 10

Tap triceps tendon post to elbow

Question 11

What does hyperreflexia suggest?

Answer 11

Spinal injury at T5 and above

Question 12

What does hyporeflexia suggest?

Answer 12

Spinal injury below T5

Question 13

What normally causes a scaphoid fracture and how does it present?

Answer 13

FOOSH

Tenderness in anatomical snuffbox

Question 14

What is the blood supply to the scaphoid bone, and what complications can a fracture cause?

Answer 14

Palmar carpal branch of radial artery

-blood enters distally, so can lead to proximal avascular necrosis

Question 15

What is a Colles fracture?

Answer 15

Fracture of distal radius (displaced posteriorly) - usually with osteoporosis and FOOSH

Question 16

What are epiphyses?

Answer 16

Growth plates in bones

Question 17

What are the complications of a fracture/separation of the distal radial epiphysis, who is it common in?

Answer 17

Common in children Good prognosis with reduction of the epiphysis back to normal position rarely, damage leads to premature fusion